Integrated information grows monotonically with Wolfram class number. (a) Examples of each complexity class (ECA rules 32, 56, 75, and 54, respectively), showing noticeable differences in behavior. Notice the presence of localized particles in the class IV rule. (b) Correspondingly, Φ^R is the highest for the more complex classes IV and III and lower (and often negative) for the simpler behaviors in classes I and II (error bars correspond to standard deviation across rules; each rule was simulated multiple times to obtain an accurate estimation of Φ^R).