The influence of entanglement density on the constraint renewal time is studied experimentally in transitory nonequilibrium polymer melts. The entanglement density, as quantified by the rubber elasticity, increases as the linear polymer melt transforms into the equilibrium state. The relaxation modulus obtained from linear step-strain deformations, performed at different points during the equilibration, shows an increase in constraint renewal time as the entanglement density increases. The normalized relaxation modulus curves collapse onto a single curve by rescaling the time axis with a factor (where is the normalized instantaneous modulus). These findings suggest that, though the relaxation time increases with the increasing number of entanglements, the mechanism responsible for stress relaxation, after application of step-strain, is similar to that in a fully entangled melt.
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November 2014
Research Article|
November 01 2014
Stress relaxation in the nonequilibrium state of a polymer melt
Efren A. Andablo-Reyes;
Efren A. Andablo-Reyes
a)
Department of Materials,
Loughborough University
, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, United Kingdom
and Dutch Polymer Institute (DPI)
, P.O. Box 902, 5600AX Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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Ele L. de Boer;
Ele L. de Boer
Department of Materials,
Loughborough University
, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, United Kingdom
and Dutch Polymer Institute (DPI)
, P.O. Box 902, 5600AX Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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Dario Romano;
Dario Romano
Department of Materials,
Loughborough University
, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, United Kingdom
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Sanjay Rastogi
Sanjay Rastogi
b)
Department of Materials,
Loughborough University
, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, United Kingdom
and Dutch Polymer Institute (DPI)
, P.O. Box 902, 5600AX Eindhoven, The Netherlands
Search for other works by this author on:
a)
Electronic mail: E.A.Andablo-Reyes@lboro.ac.uk
b)
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; electronic mail: S.Rastogi@lboro.ac.uk
J. Rheol. 58, 1981–1991 (2014)
Article history
Received:
June 19 2014
Accepted:
October 03 2014
Citation
Efren A. Andablo-Reyes, Ele L. de Boer, Dario Romano, Sanjay Rastogi; Stress relaxation in the nonequilibrium state of a polymer melt. J. Rheol. 1 November 2014; 58 (6): 1981–1991. https://doi.org/10.1122/1.4898160
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