Issues

The four million patents issued since 1790 have helped “promote the progress of the useful arts,” benefitting not only the inventors but also the public, by allowing useful inventions to come into general use.

Line emission in the gamma‐ray band, an emerging branch of astronomy based on balloon and satellite data, probes the physics of nucleosynthesis, the interstellar medium, solar flares, supernovae and neutron stars.

In the late nineteenth century, astronomers seeking to classify stars by their spectra using then‐current concepts of stellar evolution found a temperature–luminosity plot that revolutionized the subject.