Experiments Reveal How Heat Is Mixed into Cold Dense Water in the Abyssal Ocean Free

If the world's oceans relied only on molecular diffusion and smooth laminar flow to spread the Sun's heat, they'd consist of a thin Sun‐warmed layer atop a mass of icy water. But other transport mechanisms are at work. In the North Atlantic, for instance, wind‐driven currents push warm water from the Caribbean to the Arctic, where it cools, sinks, and flows back southward. And throughout its journey, the seawater is swirled and agitated by continent‐sized gyres and centimeter‐sized turbulent eddies.