Rosetta’s comet is rich in deuterium Available to Purchase

Planetary scientists have long suspected that comets and asteroids delivered water and organic compounds to Earth during an epoch known as the Late Heavy Bombardment, hundreds of millions of years after the planet formed. But the cometary contributions and their provenance are under debate. Comparing the deuterium-to-hydrogen ratio (D/H) in seawater to that found in different populations of comets is a reliable way to distinguish among the possibilities. In the dozen or so orbiting comets probed to date, observed D/H ratios are thought to represent the local values where and when the comets’ building blocks condensed. The latest isotopic measurement comes from the European Space Agency’s Rosetta spacecraft, which is now orbiting the 4-km-wide comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko shown here. Using Rosetta’s mass spectrometer, Kathrin Altwegg of the University of Bern in Switzerland and her colleagues measured the D/H ratio of the comet’s tenuous atmosphere and found it to be...