The success of the ideas of chaos has led to attempts to apply them to a great variety of situations. This is in principle a good strategy, but the results are not always up to expectations. In some cases the results are predictably of little interest. Suppose you have concocted a mathematical model in biology or economics; you put this model on your computer and you discover a Feigenbaum period‐doubling cascade, which is often a sign that chaos is present. Is this result interesting? Well, probably not. One reason is that the detailed dynamical properties of your model may not have anything to do with the properties of the real‐life system. Another reason why your discovery may be without interest is that the occurrence of a Feigenbaum cascade need not have any particular biological or economic significance: You still have to address the problem of the relevance of your finding for biology or economics.

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