The 1978 Nobel prize in physics has been awarded in two equal parts. One half goes to Peter Leonidovich Kapitza of the Institute for Physical Problems in Moscow “for his basic inventions and discoveries in the area of low‐temperature physics.” The other half is to be shared equally by Arno Penzias and Robert W. Wilson of Bell Laboratories in Holmdel “for their discovery of cosmic microwave background radiation.” (See accompanying story on this page.) The total prize this year is roughly $165 000.

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