The selection of a system for optical communications is largely governed by the availability of the necessary components. Although through‐the‐atmosphere systems have some applicability, they are generally restricted to small installations where their inherent limitations are tolerable. The optical transmission medium of greater importance for the future is a glass or plastic fiber, and therefore the properties of these fibers—their absorption, dispersion, mechanical strength, and so on—are all‐important.

1.
H.
Kressel
,
H.
Nelson
,
RCA Review
30
,
106
(
1969
).
2.
I.
Hayashi
,
M. B.
Panish
,
P. W.
Foy
,
IEEE J. Quantum Electron.
5
,
211
(
1969
).
3.
Zh. I.
Alferov
,
V. M.
Andreev
,
E. L.
Portnoi
,
M. K.
Trukan
,
Sov. Phys. Semiconductors
3
,
1107
(
1970
).
4.
I.
Hayashi
,
M. B.
Panish
,
P. W.
Foy
,
S.
Sumski
,
Appl. Phys. Letters
17
,
109
(
1970
).
5.
H.
Kressel
,
F. Z.
Hawrylo
,
Appl. Phys. Lett.
17
,
169
(
1970
).
6.
C. B. Duke, N. Holonyak Jr, PHYSICS TODAY, December 1973, page 23.
7.
G. H.
Olsen
,
J. Crystal Growth
31
,
223
(
1975
).
8.
F.
Stern
,
IEEE J. Quantum Electron.
9
,
290
(
1973
);
A. Yariv, Quantum Electronics, 2nd edition, Wiley, New York (1975);
J. I. Pankove, Optical Processes in Semiconductors, Prentice‐Hall, Englewood Cliffs (1971);
S. E.
Miller
,
Tingye
Li
,
E. A. J.
Marcatili
,
Proc. IEEE
61
,
1726
(
1973
).
9.
J. K.
Butler
,
H.
Kressel
,
I.
Ladany
,
IEEE J. Quantum Electron.
11
,
402
(
1975
);
W. P. Dumke, ibid, page 400;
P. R.
Selway
,
A. R.
Goodwin
,
J. Phys. D
5
,
9041
(
1972
);
H. C.
Casey
Jr
,
M. B.
Panish
,
J. L.
Merz
,
J. Appl. Phys.
44
,
5470
(
1973
).
10.
M.
Ettenberg
,
Appl. Phys. Lett.
27
,
652
(
1976
).
11.
A. R.
Goodwin
,
J. R.
Peters
,
M.
Pion
,
G. H. B.
Thompson
,
J. E. A.
Whiteway
,
J. Appl. Phys.
46
,
3126
(
1975
).
12.
R. E.
Nahory
,
M. A.
Pollak
,
E. D.
Beeke
,
J. C.
DeWinter
,
R. W.
Dixon
,
Appl. Phys. Lett.
28
,
19
(
1976
);
J. J.
Hsieh
,
Appl. Phys. Lett.
28
,
283
(
1976
).
13.
J. C.
Dyment
,
Appl. Phys. Lett.
10
,
84
(
1966
).
14.
IEEE J. Quantum Electron.
11
,
381
562
(July
1975
).
15.
C. A.
Burrus
,
B. I.
Miller
,
Opt. Commun.
41
,
307
(
1971
).
16.
M. Ettenberg, H. F. Lockwood, J. Wittke, H. Kressel, Technical Digest of the 1973 International Electron Devices Meeting, Washington, D.C., page 317.
17.
H.
Kressel
,
M.
Ettenberg
,
Proc. IEEE
63
,
1360
(
1975
).
18.
C. J.
Nuese
,
R. E.
Enstrom
,
IEEE Trans. Electron. Devices
19
,
1067
(
1972
).
19.
C. J.
Nuese
,
G. H.
Olsen
,
Appl. Phys. Lett.
26
,
528
(
1975
).
20.
H.
Kressel
,
H. F.
Lockwood
,
J. de Physique C
3
, Suppl.
35
,
223
(
1974
).
21.
H.
Kressel
,
I.
Ladany
,
RCA Review
36
,
230
(
1975
).
22.
B. C.
DeLoach
,
B. W.
Hakki
,
R. L.
Hartman
,
L. A.
D'Asaro
,
Proc. IEEE
61
,
1042
(
1973
);
R.
Itoh
,
H.
Nakashima
,
S.
Kishino
,
O.
Nakada
,
IEEE J. Quantum Electron.
11
,
551
(
1975
).
23.
P.
Petroff
,
R. L.
Hartman
,
Appl. Phys. Lett.
23
,
469
(
1973
).
24.
R. D.
Gold
,
L. R.
Weisberg
,
Solid‐State Electron.
7
,
811
(
1964
).
25.
I.
Ladany
,
H.
Kressel
,
Appl. Phys. Lett.
25
,
708
(
1974
).
26.
M.
Ettenberg
,
H.
Kressel
,
Appl. Phys. Lett.
26
,
478
(
1975
);
P. G.
McMullin
,
J.
Blum
,
K. K.
Shih
,
A. W.
Smith
,
G. R.
Woolhouse
,
Appl. Phys. Lett.
24
,
595
(
1974
).
This content is only available via PDF.
You do not currently have access to this content.