Nuclear‐magnetism studies at Saclay

A unique research effort at Saclay, headed by Anatole Abragam, is using the method of dynamic nuclear polarization to study nuclear ferromagnetism and antiferromagnetism and to observe so‐called pseudomagnetism. The experiments on nuclear ferromagnetism and antiferromagnetism have yielded spin temperatures of a microdegree Kelvin or lower, achieving a record low temperature duly recorded in the “Guinness Book of World Records.”