THE NUCLEAR THEORY of the origin of the elements, commonly called nucleosynthesis, is the attempt to interpret the abundances of nuclear species in terms of their nuclear properties and the naturally occurring circumstances in which the nuclei would be assembled. We have a very sizable body of data to guide the construction of the theory and to test its success. There are 81 stable elements, with numbers of stable isotopes ranging from one for sodium, for example, to ten for tin; they comprise a total of 280 stable nuclear species. The abundances of these species in the solar system constitute 280 data points for the theory, to which must be added all observable abundance ratios in other stars.
REFERENCES
1.
L. H.
Aller
, Advances in Astronomy and Astrophysics
, Z. Kopal (ed), 3
, 1
(1965
).2.
and
D. L.
Lambert
, B.
Warner
, 138
, 213
(1968
)., Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc.
3.
S.
Biswas
, C. E.
Fichtel
, D. E.
Guss
, C. J.
Waddington
, J. Geophys. Res.
68
, 3109
(1963
);4.
S. J.
Bame
, O. J.
Hundhausen
, J. R.
Osbridge
, I. B.
Strong
, Phys. Rev. Letters
20
, 393
(1968
).5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
H. Craig in Isotopic and Cosmic Chemistry, H. Craig, S. L. Miller, G. J. Wasserburg (eds.), North‐Holland Pub. Co., Amsterdam (1964);
L.
Greenland
, J. F.
Lovering
, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
29
, 821
(1965
).11.
H. C. Urey, J. R. Arnold, “On the Abundance Differences between the Corona and the Photosphere” (to be published).
12.
G.
Wallerstein
, J. L.
Greenstein
, R. A. R.
Parker
, H. L.
Helfer
, L. H.
Aller
, Astrophys. J.
137
, 280
(1963
);B. E. J. Pagel, Roy. Obs. Bull., no. 87 (1964);
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
J. H. Oort, in La Structure et l'Evolution de l'Universe, Stoops, Brussels (1958);
19.
H. Bondi, Cosmology, Cambridge University Press, London (1961).
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
G. S.
Greenstein
, J. W.
Truran
, A. G. W.
Cameron
, Nature
213
, 871
(1967
).26.
27.
R. B.
Partridge
, D. T.
Wilkinson
, Phys. Rev. Letters
18
, 557
(1967
).28.
F.
Hoyle
, N. E.
Wickramasinghe
, V. C.
Reddish
, Nature
218
, 1124
(1968
).29.
W. A. Fowler, “Nucleosynthesis in Big and Little Bangs” in High Energy Physics and Nuclear Structure, North‐Holland Publishing Co, Amsterdam (1967).
30.
31.
G. Gamow, “My Early Memories of Fritz Houtermans” in Earth Science and Meteoritics, J. Geiss, E. D. Goldberg (eds.), North‐Holland Publishing Co, Amsterdam (1963).
32.
33.
D. D. Clayton, Principles of Stellar Evolution and Nucleosynthesis, McGraw‐Hill Book Co, New York (1968).
34.
35.
T. A. Tombrello, “Astrophysical Problems” in Nuclear Research with Low‐Energy Accelerators, J. B. Marion, D. M. Van Patter (eds.), Academic Press, New York (1967).
36.
37.
38.
39.
R.
Davis
Jr, D. S.
Harmer
, K. C.
Hoffman
, Phys. Rev. Letters
20
, 1209
(1968
).40.
J. N.
Bahcall
, N. A.
Bahcall
, G.
Shaviv
, Phys. Rev. Letters
20
, 1205
(1968
);41.
A. G. W. Cameron, “A New Table of Abundances of the Elements in the Solar System,” in Origin and Distribution of the Elements, L. Ahrens (ed.), Pergamon Press, New York (1968).
42.
A. McKellar in Stellar Atmospheres, J. L. Greenstein (ed.), University of Chicago Press, Chicago (1960) pp. 569–584.
43.
44.
G.
Wallerstein
, T. F.
Greene
, L. J.
Tomley
, Astrophys. J.
150
, 245
(1967
).45.
46.
W.
Reichart
, H. H.
Staub
, H.
Stuessi
, F.
Zamboni
, Phys. Letters
20
, 40
(1966
);J.
Benn
, E. B.
Dally
, H. H.
Muller
, R. E.
Pixley
, H. H.
Staub
, H.
Winkler
, Phys. Letters
20
, 43
(1966
).47.
H. M.
Loebenstein
, D. W.
Mingay
, H.
Winkler
, C. S.
Zaidins
, Nucl. Phys.
A91
, 481
(1967
).48.
49.
J. R. Patterson, H. C. Winkler, C. S. Zaidins, Astrophys. J. (to be published).
50.
W. D. Arnett, J. W. Truran, Astrophys. J. (to be published).
51.
52.
53.
D. Bodansky, D. D. Clayton, W. A. Fowler, Astrophys. J. Suppl. no. 148 (1968).
54.
D.
Bodansky
, D. D.
Clayton
, W. A.
Fowler
, Phys. Rev. Letters
20
, 161
(1968
).55.
D. D.
Clayton
, S. A.
Colgate
, G. J.
Fishman
, Astrophys. J.
155
, 75
(1969
).56.
E. M.
Burbidge
, G. R.
Burbidge
, W. A.
Fowler
, F.
Hoyle
, Rev. Mod. Phys.
29
, 547
(1957
).57.
D. D.
Clayton
, W. A.
Fowler
, T. E.
Hull
, B. A.
Zimmerman
, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.)
12
, 331
(1961
).58.
59.
60.
61.
B. Hirt, G. R. Tilton, W. Herr, W. Hoffmeister, in Earth Science and Meteoritics, J. Geiss, E. D. Goldberg (eds.), North‐Holland Publishing Co, Amsterdam (1963) pp. 273–280.
62.
J. H. Reynolds in Ann. Rev. Nucl. Sci., E. Segré (ed.), vol. 17, Annual Reviews Inc, Palo Alto (1967).
63.
private communication of results to be published.
This content is only available via PDF.
© 1969 American Institute of Physics.
1969
American Institute of Physics
You do not currently have access to this content.
