The electromagnetic wave nature of x rays was first firmly established in 1912 by the observation of diffraction of x rays by crystals in the famous investigations of Friedrich, Knipping, and von Laue. The application of x‐ray diffraction methods to the determination of the detailed structure of crystals was demonstrated within less than a year by W. L. Bragg and since that time literally thousands of papers have appeared describing either improvements in these methods or giving the results of their application to crystals, the natures of which have become increasingly complex as newer methods of increased power have been developed.
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Friedrich, W., Knipping, P., and Laue, M. von, Ber. bayer. Akad. Wiss. (Math.‐phys. Kl.) 303 (1912).
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© 1958 American Institute of Physics.
1958
American Institute of Physics
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