England

University physics in England has one thing in common with that in America—it is just two years old. In the war the universities kept going as teaching institutions, and did a very fine job in turning out the many scientists needed for radar, for operational research, and for chemical industry. But they did it with half their staffs. The other half had gone away to work in government research stations, or into the armed services, or to North America to work on the atom bomb. They came back, most of them, in the winter of 1945–46. And so most of our projects have not yielded full results as yet, and there is comparatively little in print that represents the physics of the postwar period.