Nowadays, AISI 304 stainless steel plays a crucial role in industry. However, stainless steel exhibits limited wear resistance as it is used in parts with relative motion. Laser treatment emerges as a promising approach to improve its superficial properties. Using a laser as a heat source presents unique properties for heating surfaces, as the first atomic layers of the material absorb the radiation from the laser beam. In this study, we used a low-cost 100 W CO2 laser with carbon black powder to treat the surface of AISI 304 steels. In addition, the reflectance of irradiation on steel is 90%. We used carbon black powder as a photo-absorbing material for radiation to overcome this obstacle. The characterization included field emission gun–scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive x ray, microhardness, and pin-on reciprocation tribometer. The results showed a significant increase in surface hardness after laser treatment compared to the untreated substrate at a magnitude of 3.8 times. Elemental mapping analysis revealed carbon's presence on the substrate's surface. In addition to increasing surface hardness, we observed a decrease in the friction coefficient of the laser-treated samples compared to the reference substrate. Finally, it could be concluded that carbon black powder had a triple function; it acted as a photo-absorbent material, a carbon source to increase surface hardness, and a solid lubricant. These results show the predictions of using a low-cost CO2 laser with carbon black powder as an efficient, versatile, and fast alternative.
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November 2024
Research Article|
September 24 2024
Use of carbon black powder for surface treatment of stainless steel substrates via a low-cost CO2 laser
Andre Carvalho Martins;
Andre Carvalho Martins
(Writing – original draft)
1
School of Electrical, Mechanical and Computer Engineering (EMC), Federal University of Goias (UFG)
, Av. Esperança, s/n, Campus Samambaia, Al. Ingá, B5, 74.690-900 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
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Jonas Bertholdi
;
Jonas Bertholdi
(Validation, Visualization)
2
Faculty of Science and Technology (FCT), Federal University of Goias (UFG)
, Estrada Municipal, qd, 04, Bairro Fazenda Santo Antônio, 74971-451 Aparecida de Goiânia, GO, Brazil
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Daniel Fernandes da Cunha
;
Daniel Fernandes da Cunha
(Methodology)
1
School of Electrical, Mechanical and Computer Engineering (EMC), Federal University of Goias (UFG)
, Av. Esperança, s/n, Campus Samambaia, Al. Ingá, B5, 74.690-900 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
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Djoille Denner Damm
;
Djoille Denner Damm
(Visualization)
3
Center for Science and Technology in Energy and Sustainability (CETENS), Federal University of Recôncavo da Bahia (UFRB)
, Godofredo Rebello de Figueiredo Filho, N° 697, Bairro SIM, 44085-132 Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil
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Getúlio de Vasconcelos
;
Getúlio de Vasconcelos
(Investigation)
4
Institute for Advanced Studies—IEAv
, Trevo Coronel Aviador José Alberto Albano do Amarante, 01, Putim, 12228-001 São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
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Filipe Estevão de Freitas
;
Filipe Estevão de Freitas
(Methodology)
5
Anton Paar Brasil, R. José de Magalhães
, N°. 646 - Vila Clementino, 04026-090 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Andre Contin
Andre Contin
a)
(Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing)
2
Faculty of Science and Technology (FCT), Federal University of Goias (UFG)
, Estrada Municipal, qd, 04, Bairro Fazenda Santo Antônio, 74971-451 Aparecida de Goiânia, GO, Brazil
a)Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; electronic mail: andre.contin@ufg.br
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a)Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; electronic mail: andre.contin@ufg.br
J. Laser Appl. 36, 042022 (2024)
Article history
Received:
June 20 2024
Accepted:
September 01 2024
Citation
Andre Carvalho Martins, Jonas Bertholdi, Daniel Fernandes da Cunha, Djoille Denner Damm, Getúlio de Vasconcelos, Filipe Estevão de Freitas, Andre Contin; Use of carbon black powder for surface treatment of stainless steel substrates via a low-cost CO2 laser. J. Laser Appl. 1 November 2024; 36 (4): 042022. https://doi.org/10.2351/7.0001540
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