This study focused on the mechanical properties and microstructure of fiber laser-welded joints of Ta-10W alloy manufactured by selective laser melting (SLM) and rolled. In the SLMed base material side of the weld, columnar grains were formed along the weld, extending up to half of the weld width. The base material’s anisotropy influenced the subgrain morphology, and grain orientation changed after welding. When the building direction of the SLMed Ta-10W was perpendicular to the welding direction, slender columnar subgrains were prone to forming in the SLM side weld. In contrast, when the building direction was parallel to the welding direction, equiaxed subgrains tended to form in the weld. In the rolling base material side weld, mainly equiaxed grains were formed, with subgrain morphology and orientation randomly distributed. In the weld center, fine-grain zones of 10–20 μm, comprising fine grains of 2–5 μm diameter, were observed in all welds under study. Room-temperature tensile strengths of both welds were approximately 620 MPa, falling between the strengths of the two base materials. Their fracture surfaces displayed a mixed mode of cleavage and intergranular fracture. High-temperature strengths of rolled-SLMed joints varied with SLM directions X and Z, reaching 124.94 and 107.87 MPa, respectively, and exhibiting similar fracture characteristics dominated by intergranular fracture.
REFERENCES
1.
P.
Gradl
, D. C.
Tinker
, A.
Park
, O. R.
Mireles
, M.
Garcia
, R.
Wilkerson
, and C.
McKinney
, “Robust metal additive manufacturing process selection and development for aerospace components
,” J. Mater. Eng. Perform.
31
, 6013
–6044
(2022
). 2.
S.
Zhang
, D.
Zhang
, Q.
Tu
, X.
Jiang
, B.
Zhang
, and M.
Sun
, “Research on the optimal design and manufacture of TC4 titanium alloy structural parts with selective laser melting technology
,” Proc. SPIE
12595
, 316
–324
(2023
). 3.
R.
Stolt
, F.
Elgh
, and T.
Heikkinen
, “Design and evaluation of aerospace components for SLM
,” in Transdisciplinary Engineering for Complex Socio-Technical Systems
(IOS Press
, Amsterdam
, 2019
), Vol. 10, pp. 157
–166
.4.
J.
Liu
, S.
Dong
, X.
Jin
, P.
Wu
, S.
Yan
, X.
Liu
, Y.
Tan
, C.
Li
, and B.
Xu
, “Quality control of large-sized alloy steel parts fabricated by multi-laser selective laser melting (ML-SLM)
,” Mater. Des.
223
, 111209
(2022
). 5.
Q.
Lian
, Y.
Xiao
, H.
Sun
, X.
Zhao
, J.
Yin
, Y.
Wu
, H.
Wang
, K.
Zhen
, and J.
Huang
, “Large complex components of TiB2/Al-Si-Mg processed by laser selective melting
,” Chin. J. Nonferrous Met.
34
, 1154
–1163
(2024
). 6.
X.
Lin
and W.
Huang
, “High performance metal additive manufacturing technology applied in aviation field
,” Mater. China.
34
, 684
–688
(2015
). 7.
N. T.
Aboulkhair
, M.
Simonelli
, L.
Parry
, I.
Ashcroft
, C.
Tuck
, and R.
Hague
, “3D printing of aluminium alloys: Additive manufacturing of aluminium alloys using selective laser melting
,” Prog. Mater. Sci.
106
, 100578
(2019
). 8.
Z. C.
Fang
, Z. L.
Wu
, C. G.
Huang
, and C. W.
Wu
, “Review on residual stress in selective laser melting additive manufacturing of alloy parts
,” Opt. Laser Technol.
129
, 106283
(2020
). 9.
P.
Bian
, C.
Wang
, K.
Xu
, F.
Ye
, Y.
Zhang
, and L.
Li
, “Coupling analysis on microstructure and residual stress in selective laser melting (SLM) with varying key process parameters
,” Materials
15
, 1658
(2022
). 10.
F.
Rasoanarivo
, D.
Dumur
, and P.
Rodriguez-Ayerbe
, “Improving SLM additive manufacturing operation precision with H-infinity controller structure
,” CIRP J. Manuf. Sci. Technol.
33
, 82
–90
(2021
). 11.
A.
Iakhin
and S.
Martynov
, “Effect of electron beam welding on the microstructure and mechanical characteristics of wrought and SLM titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V parts
,” AIP Conf. Proc.
2310
, 020124
(2020
). 12.
S. P.
Kumar
, V.
Chakkravarthy
, A.
Mahalingam
, R.
Rajeshshyam
, N.
Sriraman
, P.
Marimuthu
, R. L.
Narayan
, and P. D.
Babu
, “Investigation of crystallographic orientation and mechanical behaviour in laser-welded stainless steel 316L additive components
,” Trans. Indian Inst. Met.
76
, 527
–535
(2022
). 13.
C.
Zhang
, M.
Liu
, X.
Shi
, X.
Wang
, G.
Wang
, M.
Wang
, and Z.
Huang
, “Microstructure and mechanical property of CO2 laser welding of additive manufacturing and rolling plates of 420 stainless steels
,” Weld. World
67
, 1937
–1949
(2023
). 14.
X.
Lin
, T.
Bin
, X.
Gu
, H.
Sheng
, H.
Sun
, W.
Gao
, C.
Fang
, and Z.
Yang
, “Microstructure and mechanical properties of selective laser melting 316L/R-316L butt joint welded by laser welding
,” J. Mater. Eng. Perform.
32
, 6519
–6534
(2023
). 15.
Z.
Cheng
, X.
Du
, B.
Qi
, Z.
Yuan
, Q.
Wu
, J.
Zou
, and R.
Xiao
, “Microstructure and mechanical properties of 3D-GH3536/R-GH3128 butt joint welded by fiber laser welding with focus rotation
,” J. Mater. Res. Technol.
18
, 1460
–1473
(2022
). 16.
J.
Yang
, Y.
Wang
, F.
Li
, W.
Huang
, G.
Jing
, Z.
Wang
, and X.
Zeng
, “Weldability, microstructure and mechanical properties of laser-welded selective laser melted 304 stainless steel joints
,” J. Mater. Sci. Technol.
35
, 1817
–1824
(2019
). 17.
L. L.
Chang
, T.
Wang
, S. G.
Shen
, Y.
Ma
, and Y. H.
Xing
, “Laser welding properties of In718 alloy prepared by selective laser melting
,” Trans. Mater. Heat. Treat.
41
, 62
–69
(2020
). 18.
M. T.
Pérez-Prado
, J. A.
Hines
, and K. S.
Vecchio
, “Microstructural evolution in adiabatic shear bands in Ta and Ta–W alloys
,” Acta Mater.
49
, 2905
–2917
(2001
). 19.
L.
Wang
, G.
Zhao
, X. H.
Tang
et al, “Failure factors analysis of 3D printing Ta10W alloy protective coating
,” Hunan Nonferrous Met.
39
, 76
–79
(2023
).20.
X.
Ding
, “Experimental research of argon-arc welding of Ta-12W alloy
,” J. Xi’an Univ. Arts Sci. (Nat. Sci. Ed.)
13
, 61
–63
(2010
).21.
X.
Zhou
, Y.
Huang
, K.
Hao
, and Y.
Chen
, “Cracking in dissimilar laser welding of tantalum to molybdenum
,” Opt. Laser Technol.
102
, 54
–59
(2018
). 22.
X.
Du
, B.
Qi
, Z.
Zhao
, T.
Zhang
, Q.
Wu
, J.
Zou
, and R.
Xiao
, “Process research on fiber laser welding of Ta-10W refractory alloy
,” Chin. J. Lasers
49
, 1602006
(2022
). 23.
X.
Du
, Q.
Wu
, T.
Zhang
, J.
Zou
, R.
Xiao
, H.
Zhou
, D.
Han
, and T.
Jiao
, “Microstructure and mechanical properties of laser butt welds of selective laser melted Ta10W alloy plates with different forming directions
,” J. Mater. Res. Technol.
26
, 8097
–8110
(2023
). 24.
N.
Cao
, “The study on working head for titanium laser welding
,” Ph.D. thesis
(Beijing University of Technology
, 2006
).25.
G.
Chen
, Q.
Yin
, X.
Shu
, Y.
Bi
, B.
Zhang
, and J.
Feng
, “Microstructure and properties of electron beam welded joints of tantalum and tungsten
,” Weld. World.
62
, 775
–782
(2018
). 26.
G.
Zhang
, G.
Chen
, H.
Cao
, Q.
Yin
, and B.
Zhang
, “Crack generation mechanism and control method of electron beam welded Nb/GH3128 joint
,” J. Mater. Process. Technol.
299
, 117355
(2022
). 27.
Y.
Cui
, S.
Li
, T.
Ying
, H.
Bao
, and X.
Zeng
, “Research on the thermal conductivity of metals based on first principles
,” Acta Metall. Sin.
57
, 375
–384
(2020
). 28.
M.
Sabzi
and S. M.
Dezfuli
, “Drastic improvement in mechanical properties and weldability of 316L stainless steel weld joints by using electromagnetic vibration during GTAW process
,” J. Manuf. Process.
33
, 74
–85
(2018
). 29.
C.
Köse
and C.
Topal
, “Texture, microstructure and mechanical properties of laser beam welded AISI 2507 super duplex stainless steel
,” Mater. Chem. Phys.
289
, 126490
(2022
). 30.
B.
Zuo
, “The study on microstructure and texture of Ta and Ta-W alloy during cold rolling
,” Ph.D. thesis
(Central South University
, 2011
).31.
S.
Bahl
, S.
Mishra
, K.
Yazar
, I. R.
Kola
, K.
Chatterjee
, and S.
and Suwas
, “Non-equilibrium microstructure, crystallographic texture and morphological texture synergistically result in unusual mechanical properties of 3D printed 316L stainless steel
,” Addit. Manuf.
28
, 65
–77
(2019
). 32.
L.
Thijs
, M. L.
Montero Sistiaga
, R.
Wauthle
, Q.
Xie
, J.-P.
Kruth
, and J.
Van Humbeeck
, “Strong morphological and crystallographic texture and resulting yield strength anisotropy in selective laser melted tantalum
,” Acta Mater.
61
, 4657
–4668
(2013
). 33.
M. E.
Glicksman
, Principles of Solidification
(Springer
, New York
, 2011
).34.
Z.
Zhang
, H.
Jing
, L.
Xu
, Y.
Han
, Z.
Gao
, L.
Zhao
, and J.
Zhang
, “Microstructural characterization and electron backscatter diffraction analysis across the welded interface of duplex stainless steel
,” Appl. Surf. Sci.
413
, 327
–343
(2017
). 35.
Z.
Zhang
, H.
Jing
, L.
Xu
, Y.
Han
, L.
Zhao
, and J.
Zhang
, “Influence of microstructure and elemental partitioning on pitting corrosion resistance of duplex stainless steel welding joints
,” Appl. Surf. Sci.
394
, 297
–314
(2017
). 36.
Y. T.
Wang
, T.
Voisin
, J. T.
McKeown
, J.
Ye
, N. P.
Calta
, Z.
Li
, Z.
Zeng
, Y.
Zhang
, W.
Chen
, T. T.
Roehling
, R. T.
Ott
, M. K.
Santala
, P. J.
Depond
, M. J.
Matthews
, A. V.
Hamza
, and T.
Zhu
, “Additively manufactured hierarchical stainless steels with high strength and ductility
,” Nat. Mater.
17
, 63
–71
(2018
). 37.
W.
Liu
, Y.
Cheng
, H.
Sui
, J.
Fu
, and H.
Duan
, “Microstructure-based intergranular fatigue crack nucleation model: Dislocation transmission versus grain boundary cracking
,” J. Mech. Phys. Solids.
173
, 105233
(2023
). 38.
N.
Heo
, Y.-U.
Heo
, S.
Kwon
, N.
Kim
, S.-J.
Kim
, and H.-C.
Lee
, “Extended Hall–Petch relationships for yield, cleavage and intergranular fracture strengths of bcc steel and its deformation and fracture behaviors
,” Met. Mater. Int.
24
, 265
–281
(2018
). 39.
X. H.
Lin
, J.
Liang
, B.
Li
, L. P.
Li
, and X. M.
Zhang
, “Influence of heat treatment on oxygen content and mechanical properties of TaW10 alloy fabricated by Hot isostatic pressing
,” Rare Met. Cem. Carbides.
45
, 31
–36
(2017
).40.
C.
Chen
, Y.
Li
, M.
Zhang
, X.
Wang
, C.
Zhang
, and H.
Jing
, “Effect of laser processing parameters on mechanical properties of porous tantalum fabricated by laser multi-layer micro-cladding
,” Rapid Prototyp. J.
23
, 758
–770
(2017
). © 2024 Author(s). Published under an exclusive license by Laser Institute of America.
2024
Author(s)
You do not currently have access to this content.
