In this paper, methods for quantitative analysis of holograms are discussed. This discussion begins with a review of fundamentals for recording and reconstruction of holograms. More specifically, mathematical procedures for quantitative analysis of holograms are presented. Then, discussion of the analysis of holograms concentrates on presentation of the methods for fringe readout, because the ability to extract information from the fringes is essential for quantitative holographic analysis, particularly when one is interested in automated analysis. The methods discussed range from the conventional hologram interferometry, through the heterodyne holography, and step phase holography, to electro-optic holography. The procedures discussed in this paper are usable under stringent requirements found in in-vivo biomedical studies and they allow determination of submicroscopic displacements and deformations with high accuracy and precision.

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1988
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