Experiments have shown that the physical motion of underwater acoustic transducers and transducer arrays can be observed employing simple techniques of holographic interferometry. Certain characteristics of motion and displacement are expected to model the ideal behavior of these devices by defining specific geometries and symmetries in time-average holographic interference fringe patterns. These characterizations have led to accurate qualitative performance predictions for transducer systems and are shown to be of great value in understanding their actual operating dynamics.

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