FIG. 9.2 Left: schematic of energy domain of an ionized wavepacket from a weak-field pulse; γ_L ≃ 1/τ_L. Right: H 2 + ionization with pulse polarized linearly along its internuclei quantization axis. More about this image found in Left: schematic of energy domain of an ionized wavepacket from a weak-field...

FIG. 9.3 Ionization wavepacket released following interaction of hydrogen molecular ion H 2 + with a pulse (40 eV, 10¹³ W/cm², 24 cycles, Hann). The horizontal axis represents the position along the symmetry axis of the system (z axis) after a 24-cycle laser pulse and post-propagation of 3.5 times the length of the pulse. For the calculation, the full TDSE was propagated. The position of the first peak confirms the approximate relation z = k_Lt_d. More about this image found in Ionization wavepacket released following interaction of hydrogen molecular ...

FIG. 9.4 As Fig. 9.3 but on a logarithmic scale to reveal an additional peak of the ionized wavepackets, significantly less important. More about this image found in As Fig. 9.3 but on a logarithmic scale to reveal an additional peak of th...

FIG. 9.1 Simplified sketch of ionization process. A pulse E(t) is impinging on an isolated atom, and an electronic wavepacket is released. A detector placed at a far distance and at a solid angle Ω_r = (θ, ϕ) counts the electrons per unit time; this counting is related closely to the electronic radial current j_r(Ω_r; t). The laser pulse and the electronic current are varying in both space and time (not to scale in the figure). More about this image found in Simplified sketch of ionization process. A pulse E(

FIG. 5.3 Superposition of a large number of harmonic plane waves of slightly different frequencies and different amplitudes, resulting in a spatially confined wavepacket. More about this image found in Superposition of a large number of harmonic plane waves of slightly differe...