FIG. 5.2 Steps of the voltage stability ( Salah Saidi, 2022 ). More about this image found in Steps of the voltage stability ( Salah Saidi, 2022 ).

FIG. 10.10 Real-time prediction of (a) capacity fade, (b) RUL, and (c) voltage-SoC dynamics for 30th operating cycle using the developed slow-OASIS and fast-OASIS models. More about this image found in Real-time prediction of (a) capacity fade, (b) RUL, and (c) voltage-SoC dyn...

FIG. 10.9 (a) shows the time-resolved current response of multilayers for a voltage pulse of 500 ns pulse width. Inset shows the half input pulse profile for the input pulse of 1.8 V amplitude and 500 ns pulse width. (b) Polarization-time curves obtained by integrating the I–t curve of multilayer samples. (c) Voltage–time and current–time curve for individual BCZT film. (d) Polarization-time curve for individual BCZT film. More about this image found in (a) shows the time-resolved current response of multilayers for a voltage p...

FIG. 5.8 (a) Current–voltage characteristics of the Pr-doped ZnO bicrystal with a [0001] Σ7 GB and (b) ADF-STEM image of the GB. (c) Stable atomic arrangement and (d) defect formation energy of the GB obtained from first-principles calculation ( Sato et al., 2006 ). More about this image found in (a) Current–voltage characteristics of the Pr-doped ZnO bicrystal with a [0...

FIG. 6.9 Pull-in voltage vs stress in cantilever structure. More about this image found in Pull-in voltage vs stress in cantilever structure.

FIG. 6.10 Monitoring of the pull-in voltage with stress by varying Young's modulus. More about this image found in Monitoring of the pull-in voltage with stress by varying Young's modulus.

FIG. 6.18 (a) LDV response and (b) capacitance–voltage analysis to extract pull-in voltage for the Ohmic switch. More about this image found in (a) LDV response and (b) capacitance–voltage analysis to extract pull-in vo...

FIG. 6.22 Effect of applied voltage on switching time of the switch. More about this image found in Effect of applied voltage on switching time of the switch.

FIG. 6.29 Trajectory of the torsional switch with respect to the applied voltage ( Bansal et al., 2014 ). More about this image found in Trajectory of the torsional switch with respect to the applied voltage ( Ba...

FIG. 1.4 (a) MPPT control with variable step perturbation and observe method. (b) Power, voltage, and current profile of PV system with two model MPPT technique ( Mohanty et al., 2014 ). More about this image found in (a) MPPT control with variable step perturbation and observe method. (b) Po...

FIG. 4.2 Circuit symbols for MOS transistor (a) p-channel MOS (PMOS); V_gs is the gate-to-source voltage; (b) n-channel MOS (PMOS); (c) CMOS inverted circuit symbol; V_DD is the DC voltage applied to the drain terminal. V_in and V_out, respectively, are the input and output voltages, respectively, and d, g, and s denote the drain, gate, and source terminals, respectively. More about this image found in Circuit symbols for MOS transistor (a) p-channel MOS (PMOS); V...

FIG. 6.7 (a) IoT-based remote monitoring system, (b) posted data on the Blynk platform (voltage, current, power, air temperature, solar irradiance, and cell temperature), and (c) the monitored PV array installed at the rooftop of the University of Jijel (Algeria). More about this image found in (a) IoT-based remote monitoring system, (b) posted data on the Blynk platfo...

FIG. 7.7 Schematic of (a) basic parallel plate electrostatic actuator ( Errando-Herranz et al., 2020 ) and (b) a comb drive for linear motion. Schematic of (c) a basic scratch drive actuator (SDA) ( Akiyama and Fujita, 1995 ). Step by step crawling motion of the actuator under pulse voltage input. (d) Pressing down of plate with rising voltage pushing the bushing forward. (e) Releasing of the SDA by falling voltage resulting in pulling the plate to right while pinning down the bush due to its shape. (f) Negative rise of voltage resulting in another pressing down of the beam resulting in the bushing moving to the left resulting in net rightward motion of the plate from the starting point. This process repeats for each half cycle. More about this image found in Schematic of (a) basic parallel plate electrostatic actuator ( Errando-Herr...

FIG. 1.1 Power electronics application with respect to voltage and current range ( Hoo Teo et al., 2021 ). More about this image found in Power electronics application with respect to voltage and current range ( H...

FIG. 1.2 Application space of Si and other WBG semiconductors based on (a) voltage and current ratings ( Pearton et al., 2018 ) and (b) power-frequency diagram ( Mastro et al., 2017 ). More about this image found in Application space of Si and other WBG semiconductors based on (a) voltage a...

FIG. 1.3 Current–voltage characteristics of (a) ideal power diode and (b) practical power diodes ( Baliga, 2009 ). More about this image found in Current–voltage characteristics of (a) ideal power diode and (b) practical ...

FIG. 9.10 (a) Cox²/C² − 1 vs gate voltage plot and (b) extracted interface trap density of Au/Ti/Al₂O₃/β-Ga₂O₃ MOSCAPs with planar, pyramid, trapezoid-like, and blade structures formed by MacEtch. Reprinted with permission from Huang et al., ACS Nano 13 (8), 8784–8792 (2019a). Copyright 2019 American Chemical Society. More about this image found in (a) Cox²/C² − 1 vs gate voltage plot and (b) extracte...

FIG. 10.9 Breakdown voltage V_Br and average breakdown field E_Br as a function of the gate-to-drain distance L_GD. More about this image found in Breakdown voltage V_Br and aver...