FIG. 21.2 Point-tracking the trajectory of a ball thrown vertically from a moving skateboard in Tracker. Video analysis of projectile motion using tablet computers as experimental tools. © IOP Publishing. Reproduced with permission. All rights reserved. (Taken from Klein et al., Phys. Educ. 49 (1), 37–40 (2014). Copyright 2014 IOP Publishing). More about this image found in Point-tracking the trajectory of a ball thrown vertically from a moving ska...

FIG. 7.19 (a) Vertical pendulum tilt sensor ( Dong et al., 2005 ) with three fiber Bragg gratings attached to three cantilevers. A tilt of the pendulum leads to bending of the cantilevers depending on the direction of the tilt. This leads the attached fiber Bragg grating to strain and change its reflection spectrum. (b) Schematic of a MEMS ring laser gyroscope with movable mirrors and lens. ( Hashimoto et al., 2009 ). (c) Schematic of a passive resonant optical gyroscope using a fiber ring. The phase modulators are driven by antiphase triangular waves to reduce parasitic effects and allow the readout of Sagnac phase shift as amplitude at photodetector ( Jin et al., 2007 ). More about this image found in (a) Vertical pendulum tilt sensor ( Dong et al., 2005 ) wi...

FIG. 7.5 (a) Laterally coupled ring resonator and (b) vertically coupled ring resonator. More about this image found in (a) Laterally coupled ring resonator and (b) vertically coupled ring resona...

FIG. 1.14 Heat generation and dissipation in (a) vertical and (b) lateral devices showing vertical devices support large 3D volume around the device active region to release heat. Reproduced with permission from Montgomery et al., J. Appl. Phys. 129 (8), 085301 (2021). Copyright 2021 AIP Publishing LLC. More about this image found in Heat generation and dissipation in (a) vertical and (b) lateral devices sho...

FIG. 1.16 (a) Vertical β-Ga₂O₃ Schottky diodes with field plate, (b) corresponding electric field profile showing the peak field (in red) redistributed by field plate ( Konishi et al., 2017 ), and (c) bevel field plate Schottky diodes with sidewall angles of 55.7° ( Joishi et al., 2018 ). More about this image found in (a) Vertical β-Ga₂O₃ Schottky diodes with field plate...

FIG. 2.12 Shows a schematic of the temperature distribution in a vertical Bridgman furnace during melting and crystallization ( Higashiwaki and Fujita, 2020 ). More about this image found in Shows a schematic of the temperature distribution in a vertical Bridgman fu...

FIG. 8.3 Conception of the field-plate termination technique for a vertical diode structure, implemented here in a p–n junction diode. The surface electric field at the edge of the junction is modulated by an externally applied gate voltage (V_G). Reprinted with permission from Grove et al., IEEE Trans. Electron Devices 14 (3), 157–162 (1967). Copyright 1967 IEEE. More about this image found in Conception of the field-plate termination technique for a vertical diode st...

FIG. 8.16 Conception of the FMR termination technique for a vertical diode structure, implemented here in a p–n junction diode: (a) cross-sectional structure and (b) qualitative potential distribution at reverse bias. Reprinted with permission from Yilmaz and Van Dell, IEEE Electron Device Lett. 6 (11), 600–601 (1985). Copyright 1985 IEEE. More about this image found in Conception of the FMR termination technique for a vertical diode structure,...

FIG. 4.6 Solar photovoltaic tracking systems: (a) fixed axis; (b) single axis (vertical); (c) single axis (horizontal); and (d) double axis. More about this image found in Solar photovoltaic tracking systems: (a) fixed axis; (b) single axis (verti...

FIG. 5.11 Nanostrain analysis for nanocomposite YBCO films ( Llordés et al., 2012 ). (a) Williamson–Hall plots of the symmetric YBCO Bragg reflection, (b) dependence of the YBCO vertical nanostrain (determined from Williamson–Hall plots) on the incoherent specific interface of nanodots, (c) nanostrain anisotropy, and (d) dependence of coherent domain size on nanostrain along the c-axis in YBCO–BZO nanocomposites, as determined by Rietveld analysis of high-resolution XRD measurements. Reproduced with permission from Llordés et al., Nat. Mater. 11 , 329–333 (2012). Copyright 2012 Springer Nature. More about this image found in Nanostrain analysis for nanocomposite YBCO films ( Llordés et al....

FIG. 8.2 (a) Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the porous AAO cantilevers used for moisture sensing at different magnifications: (i) AAO cantilevers with a layer of gold coating of 30-nm thickness, (ii) enlarged SEM image of (i) reprinted with permission from Lee et al., Sens. Actuators B Chem. 137 (2), 561–565 (2009). Copyright 2009 Elsevier. (b) Fabrication of high surface area carbon nanotube (CNT)/carbon composite MC and measurement procedure comprises of (i) photolithographic patterning of a 4-nm iron (Fe) catalyst film, (ii) vertical growth of CNT forest from Fe catalyst, (iii) infiltration of the CNT forest and subsequent release from the substrate, and (iv) mounting of the fabricated device between a clamp and a piezoelectric element. Optical deflection measurement is then carried out using laser reflection (with permission to use under creative common license ( Noyce et al., 2019 ) published by the royal society of chemistry. More about this image found in (a) Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the porous AAO cantilevers...