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(a) Diffraction from light reflected from the cantilever. (b) Transmission from light transmitted through the cantilever.

(a) Diffraction from light reflected from the cantilever. (b) Transmission ...

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in Recent Progress in Cantilever-Based Sensors: An Overview of Application and Fabrication Techniques > MEMS Applications in Electronics and Engineering
Published: March 2023
FIG. 3.3 (a) Diffraction from light reflected from the cantilever. (b) Transmission from light transmitted through the cantilever. Reprinted with permission from Hermans et al., Sci. Rep. 6 , 1–12 ( 2016 ). Copyright 2016 Springer Nature. More about this image found in (a) Diffraction from light reflected from the cantilever. (b) Transmission ...
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HRTEM image of PZT/SRO interface (Jia et al., 2007) showing the measured lattice parameters in the film and substrate. The thick arrow denotes the interface. dIL and dIS are the shift parameters as defined in Fig. 5.3(c).

HRTEM image of PZT/SRO interface ( Jia et al., 2007 ) show...

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in Microscopic-Strain-Related Phenomena in Functional Oxides > Strain Engineering in Functional Materials and Devices
Published: March 2023
with permission from Jia et al., Nat. Mater.  6 , 64–69 (2007). Copyright 2007 Springer Nature. More about this image found in HRTEM image of PZT/SRO interface ( Jia et al., 2007 ) show...
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(a) Multi-frame averaged STEM image of silicon measured with [110] zone axis and histogram of inter-atomic distance along the (b) x and (c) y direction (Yankovich et al., 2014). The scale bar in (a) is 400 pm. The error bars in (b) and (c) are the square root of the frequency, the curves are the best-fit normal distributions, and σ represents the standard deviations.

(a) Multi-frame averaged STEM image of silicon measured with [110] zone axi...

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in Microscopic-Strain-Related Phenomena in Functional Oxides > Strain Engineering in Functional Materials and Devices
Published: March 2023
root of the frequency, the curves are the best-fit normal distributions, and σ represents the standard deviations. Reproduced with permission from Yankovich et al., Nat. Commun. 5 , 4155 (2014). Copyright 2014 Springer Nature. More about this image found in (a) Multi-frame averaged STEM image of silicon measured with [110] zone axi...
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(a) Lattice parameters, a and c, and (b) sublattice spacing, dIL and dIS, of PZT and SRO measured from HRTEM image (Jia et al., 2007). The dotted lines indicate the location of the PZT/SRO interface. The open and filled symbols denote the experimental and calculated values, respectively. (c) Schematic illustration of PZT and SRO unit cells with the definition of dIL and dIS. Panels (a) and (b) were reproduced with permission from Jia et al., Nat. Mater. 6, 64–69 (2007).

(a) Lattice parameters, a and c, and (b) ...

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in Microscopic-Strain-Related Phenomena in Functional Oxides > Strain Engineering in Functional Materials and Devices
Published: March 2023
). Copyright 2007 Springer Nature. More about this image found in (a) Lattice parameters, a and c, and (b) ...
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Nanostrain analysis for nanocomposite YBCO films (Llordés et al., 2012). (a) Williamson–Hall plots of the symmetric YBCO Bragg reflection, (b) dependence of the YBCO vertical nanostrain (determined from Williamson–Hall plots) on the incoherent specific interface of nanodots, (c) nanostrain anisotropy, and (d) dependence of coherent domain size on nanostrain along the c-axis in YBCO–BZO nanocomposites, as determined by Rietveld analysis of high-resolution XRD measurements.

Nanostrain analysis for nanocomposite YBCO films ( Llordés et al....

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in Microscopic-Strain-Related Phenomena in Functional Oxides > Strain Engineering in Functional Materials and Devices
Published: March 2023
). Copyright 2012 Springer Nature. More about this image found in Nanostrain analysis for nanocomposite YBCO films ( Llordés et al....
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Published: March 2023
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.... A. , Richter , W. , and Sitter , H. , Epitaxy: Physical Principles and Technical Implementation ( Springer Science & Business Media , 2013 ), Vol. 62. Hill , N. A. , Why are there so few magnetic ferroelectrics? ( 2000 ). Kidd , P. , XRD of Gallium Nitride and Related...
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EISBN: 978-0-7354-2551-4
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... of Mathematics in Physical Sciences ( Springer , Dordrecht , 2005 ), pp. 5 – 8 . Brahmia , S. W.   et al. , Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res.   16 ( 1 ), 010120 ( 2020 ). 10.1103/PhysRevPhysEducRes.16.010120 Branchetti , L.   et al. , Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res.   15 ( 2 ), 020130 ( 2019...
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(a) Shows the empirically determined relationship between the inverse of the lattice constant and the increasing displacement energy. Reproduced with permission from Corbett, J. W. and Bourgoin, J. C., Point Defects in Solids: Volume 2 Semiconductors and Molecular Crystals (Springer US, Boston, MA, 1975). Copyright 1975 ▪. (b) Shows a similar relationship between bandgap and displacement energy where the higher bandgap materials tend to have higher displacement energies.

(a) Shows the empirically determined relationship between the inverse of th...

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in Radiation Effects on β-Ga2O3 Materials and Devices > Ultrawide Bandgap β-Ga2O3 SemiconductorTheory and Applications
Published: February 2023
(Springer US, Boston, MA, 1975). Copyright 1975 ▪. (b) Shows a similar relationship between bandgap and displacement energy where the higher bandgap materials tend to have higher displacement energies. Adapted with permission from Corbett, J. W. and Bourgoin, J. C., Point Defects in Solids: Volume 2 More about this image found in (a) Shows the empirically determined relationship between the inverse of th...
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...References References Adorno , D.   et al. , Concepts, Strategies and Models to Enhance Physics Teaching and Learning ( Springer , 2019 ), pp. 61 – 71 . Amin , T. G.   et al. , Int. J. Sci. Educ.   37 ( 5–6 ), 745 – 758 ( 2015 ). 10.1080/09500693.2015.1025245 Arons...
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....   Lederman and S. K.   Abell ( Routledge , 2014 ), Vol. II, pp. 685 – 710 . Adúriz-Bravo , A. and Pujalte , A. P. , Nature of Science for Social Justice , edited by H.   Yacoubian and L.   Hansson ( Springer , 2020 ), pp. 201 – 224 . Adúriz-Bravo...
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EISBN: 978-0-7354-2571-2
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..., Guimarães, Portugal ( AIS Electronic Library , 2017 ). Bogusevschi , D.   et al. , J. Comput. Math. Sci. Teach.   39 ( 1 ), 5 – 18 ( 2020 ). Botte , B.   et al. , International Conference on Games and Learning Alliance ( Springer, Cham , 2020 ), pp. 157 – 166 . Brígido , M...
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..., Philosophy and Science Teaching , edited by M.   Matthews ( Springer , 2014 ), pp. 211 – 245 . Bacon , F. , in the Works (Vol. VIII) , translated by J.   Spedding   et al. (Longman & Co., Boston , 1863 ), pp. 1857 – 1874 . Barnes , J. , Early Greek Philosophy...
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... Theory ( Atheneum , New York , 1962 ). Duschl , R. A. and Grandy , R. , Sci. Educ.   22 ( 9 ), 2109 – 2139 ( 2013 ). 10.1007/s11191-012-9539-4 Duschl , R. A. , Scientific Inquiry and Nature of Science , edited by L. B.   Flick and N. G.   Lederman ( Springer...
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... ( 2014 ). 10.1080/09500693.2014.930209 Auer , E. M.   et al. , Cyber-Physical Laboratories in Engineering and Science Education ( Springer , 2018 ). Banda , H. and Nzabahimana , J. , Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res.   17 , 023108 ( 2021 ). 10.1103/PhysRevPhysEducRes.17.023108...
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EISBN: 978-0-7354-2547-7
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.... Sci. Math. Educ.   10 ( 2 ), 241 – 266 ( 2012 ). 10.1007/s10763-011-9291-2 Chen , R. F.   et al. (eds.) , Teaching and Learning of Energy in K-12 Education ( Springer International Publishing , 2014 ), see http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-319-05017-1 . Chi , M. T. H...
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Cross-sectional STEM images of YBCO with BZO [(a)–(d)] and strain maps determined by peak-pairs analysis of cross-sectional STEM images [(e)–(i)] (Llordés et al., 2012). (a) and (b) Low-magnification and high-magnification image showing the bending of YBCO planes around BZO. (c) and (d) High-resolution images showing the interface between two different BZO particles with two different orientations and matrix. (e) Z-contrast image from which the strain maps were generated; the red arrows indicate two close intergrowths. (f) Grid obtained by peak-pairs analysis from the image of (e), the red rectangle indicates the region of the image taken as reference. (g)–(i) εxx, εyy, and εxY maps, respectively.

Cross-sectional STEM images of YBCO with BZO [(a)–(d)] and strain maps dete...

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in Microscopic-Strain-Related Phenomena in Functional Oxides > Strain Engineering in Functional Materials and Devices
Published: March 2023
Springer Nature. More about this image found in Cross-sectional STEM images of YBCO with BZO [(a)–(d)] and strain maps dete...
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EISBN: 978-0-7354-2571-2
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... , E. , in A Companion to Research in Teacher Education ( Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd , Singapore , 2017 ). Fragat , T.   et al. , Nordic Stud. Sci. Educ.   17 , 277 – 292 ( 2021 ). 10.5617/nordina.7644 Goddard , J. T. and Foster , R. Y. , Teach. Teach. Educ...
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...References References Abd-El-Khalick , F. , Second International Handbook of Science Education , edited by B. J.   Fraser   et al. ( Springer , Netherlands , 2012 ), pp. 1041 – 1060 . 10.1007/978-1-4020-9041-7_69 . Abd-El-Khalick , F.   et al. , J. Res. Sci. Teach.   54...
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... Instructional Effectiveness , edited by M. S.   Khine ( Springer , Dordrecht , 2013 ), pp. 239 – 258 . 10.1007/978-94-007-4168-3 Blachowicz , J. , British J. Philos. Sci.   60 , 303 – 344 ( 2009 ). 10.1093/bjps/axp011 Blumberg , R. A. , Prospects   38 ( 3 ), 345 – 361 ( 2008...
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EISBN: 978-0-7354-2551-4
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... ). Artigue , M. , Mathematics Didactics as a Scientific Discipline , edited by R.   Biehler   et al. ( Kluwer Academic , Dordrecht , 1992 ), pp. 7 – 39 . Artigue , M. , Encyclopedia of Mathematics Education , edited by S.   Lerman ( Springer , New York , 2014 ), pp. 159 – 162...