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in Heliostat Field Aiming Strategy Optimization with Post-Installation Calibration
> Energy Systems and ProcessesRecent Advances in Design and Control
Published: March 2023
FIG. 5.4 The shape of a spot changes with: (a) decreased rotation angles around the x-axis; (b) decreased rotation angles around the y-axis; and (c) decreased focal lengths. More about this image found in The shape of a spot changes with: (a) decreased rotation angles around the ...
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in Microscopic-Strain-Related Phenomena in Functional Oxides
> Strain Engineering in Functional Materials and Devices
Published: March 2023
FIG. 5.19 Selected-area diffraction pattern measured from PMN–PT ( Sato et al., 2014 ). Magnified (a) 3 ¯ 33 and (b) 005 spot measured from a region including nanodomains a and b. Magnified (c) 3 ¯ 3 3 ¯ and (d) 00 4 ¯ spot measured from a region including nanodomains c and d. (e) Magnified 2 2 ¯ 0 spot and (f) its splitting pattern measured from a region including nanodomains a–d. The triangles in (a)–(d) highlight the split of the spots. More about this image found in Selected-area diffraction pattern measured from PMN–PT ( Sato et al...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Methods
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425743_005
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2574-3
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2572-9
... Focus features Line focus Line focus Point focus Point focus Spot ratio 200–100 >10 200–1000 >1000 Operating temperature (°C) 260–400 250–390 500–1200 750–2000 Heat transfer medium Heat transfer oil molten salt water/water vapor (DSG) air Water/water vapor Water/water vapor...
Book Chapter
Book: Toward Better Photovoltaic Systems: Design, Simulation, Optimization, Analysis, and Operations
Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425613_001
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2561-3
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2560-6
... them, the loss in the case of shadow mismatch cannot be ignored. Shade and mismatch are important reasons for the hot spot effect of PV modules, and the hot plate effect brings irreversible harm to PV modules. Therefore, it is difficult and hot to conduct the performance output of the PV system...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425590_005
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2559-0
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2556-9
... ). The position of diffraction spots in a selected-area diffraction pattern reflects the d-spacing of the lattice plane and its normal direction. That is, the distance (r) between a diffraction spot and the center spot (000, showing the transmitted beam) is inversely proportional...
Book Chapter
Book: Toward Better Photovoltaic Systems: Design, Simulation, Optimization, Analysis, and Operations
Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: March 2023
0
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2561-3
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2560-6
... , B. , Flicker , J. , Johnson , J. , Rosenthal , A. , Wiles , J. C. , and Sherwood , L. , “ Inverter ground-fault detection ‘blind spot’ and mitigation methods ,” Solar American Board for Codes and Standards 674 , 1–42 ( 2013 ). Biyik , E. , Araz , M. , Hepbasli...
Book
Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425613
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2561-3
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2560-6
Book Chapter
Book: Toward Better Photovoltaic Systems: Design, Simulation, Optimization, Analysis, and Operations
Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: March 2023
0
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2561-3
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2560-6
... Siecker , J. , Kusakana , K. , and Numbi , P. , “ A review of solar PV systems cooling technologies ,” Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev. 79 , 192 – 203 ( 2017 ). 10.1016/j.rser.2017.05.053 Simon , M. and Meyer , L. , “ Detection and analysis of hot-spot formation in solar...
Book Chapter
Book: Toward Better Photovoltaic Systems: Design, Simulation, Optimization, Analysis, and Operations
Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425613_006
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2561-3
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2560-6
... arrays ( Mellit and Kalogirou, 2022a ). Table 6.1 Type of faults in PV modules/arrays. Type of fault Causes Internal Effects and safety issues External Hot spot defect Soiling, Snow, Dust, Artificial shadow. High resistance, Solder points, Current...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425477_007
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2547-7
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2544-6
...,” our everyday experience generally leads us to a much different framing. Imagine, for example, strolling across a beautiful meadow. You naturally consider the flowers to be at rest, and yourself in motion. Standing in place, you spot a waning crescent moon and notice its motion overhead in the course...
Book
Series: AIPP Books, Methods
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425743
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2574-3
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2572-9
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425477_017
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2547-7
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2544-6
... problem-solving causes difficulties for physics instructors that can lead to what is referred to as the “expert blind spot” ( Nathan et al., 2001 ). This disparity makes it difficult for an instructor to evaluate the difficulty of a problem from the students' perspective and to scaffold student...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2551-4
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2548-4
... ( 2 ), 020141 ( 2017 ). 10.1103/PhysRevPhysEducRes.13.020141 Enyedy , N. et al. , Int. J. Comput. Support. Collab. Learn. 7 ( 3 ), 347 – 378 ( 2012 ). 10.1007/s11412-012-9150-3 Eriksson , U. , Reading the Sky. From Starspots to Spotting Stars ( Uppsala University...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425590_004
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2559-0
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2556-9
... and electron diffraction, they observed notable decay in intensity of the Bragg spots. The decay in intensity at the Bragg spot of (606) across transition was reported as 307 femtoseconds. The fast dynamics was explained by shear rearrangement of the V-V bond during the transformation. FIG. 4.4 Cross...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425477_005
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2547-7
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2544-6
... reasoning about the induction phenomenon. The authors interpreted their interview data in a knowledge-in-pieces framework: the students' mental models seemed to be formed on the spot, as they were prompted to give explanations for the experiments. Moreover, the invented models were not used consistently...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425514_010
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2551-4
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2548-4
... of hypothesis-testing is based ( Boyd and Bogen, 2021 ). But even if one accepts the theory-experiment distinction on pragmatic grounds and acknowledges that experiments as hypothesis-testing occur (e.g., when in 1819 Dominique Arago tested Poisson's prediction of a bright spot at the center of a circular...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425514_021
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2551-4
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2548-4
.../s11412-012-9150-3 Eriksson , U. , Reading the Sky. From Starspots to Spotting Stars ( Uppsala University , 2014 ). Escalada , L. T. and Zollman , D. A. , J. Res. Sci. Teach. 34 ( 5 ), 467 – 489 ( 1997 ). 10.1002/(SICI)1098-2736(199705)34:5<467::AID-TEA4>3.0.CO;2-O...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425477_001
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2547-7
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2544-6
... particles that are different from medium particles; (v) does not include the vibration of medium molecules around the same spot as sound propagates. Hrepic et al. (2010) identified the “entity” model in 12/23 students and in five contexts overall. Hrepic's definition of the entity model does...
Book
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425477
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2547-7
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2544-6
Book
Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425590
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2559-0
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2556-9
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