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A schematic of a full Wheatstone bridge circuit with four variable resistors. These resistors represent the piezoresistors mounted on the diaphragm of a MEMS pressure sensor. When the sensor diaphragm remains undeformed, the bridge is balanced, and no signal is detected between points 1 and 3. However, in the presence of an external pressure field, the diaphragm of the sensor deforms, and the resistances of the piezoresistors change. This creates an imbalance in the circuit resulting in a proportional voltage change across the bridge (between points 1 and 3), which is then measured to calculate the pressure changes (Sheela et al.).
Published: March 2023
FIG. 5.2 A schematic of a full Wheatstone bridge circuit with four variable resistors. These resistors represent the piezoresistors mounted on the diaphragm of a MEMS pressure sensor. When the sensor diaphragm remains undeformed, the bridge is balanced, and no signal is detected between points 1 More about this image found in A schematic of a full Wheatstone bridge circuit with four variable resistor...
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Paper-based piezoresistive force sensor. (a) Schematic diagram of a paper-based force sensor using a carbon resistor (shown in black) as the sensing component, contact pads shown in silver ink (shown in blue) with perforation of fold lines made by a laser cutter; (b) folded sensor; and (c) force–deflection curve of unfolded and folded cantilever.
Published: March 2023
FIG. 3.9 Paper-based piezoresistive force sensor. (a) Schematic diagram of a paper-based force sensor using a carbon resistor (shown in black) as the sensing component, contact pads shown in silver ink (shown in blue) with perforation of fold lines made by a laser cutter; (b) folded sensor More about this image found in Paper-based piezoresistive force sensor. (a) Schematic diagram of a paper-b...
Book Chapter
Book cover for MEMS Applications in Electronics and Engineering
Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735424395_005
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2439-5
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2436-4
... pressure field ( Sheela et al.) . FIG. 5.2 A schematic of a full Wheatstone bridge circuit with four variable resistors. These resistors represent the piezoresistors mounted on the diaphragm of a MEMS pressure sensor. When the sensor diaphragm remains undeformed, the bridge is balanced...
Book Chapter
Book cover for MEMS Applications in Electronics and Engineering
Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735424395_003
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2439-5
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2436-4
..., the authors reported a cantilever sensor printed on a Whatman chromatography paper with carbon ink as the resistor. The folded paper sensor shown below can be used in both 2-D and 3-D environments. The sensor showed higher stiffness as well as higher sensitivity ( Fraiwan et al., 2016 ). Inkjet...
Book Chapter
Book cover for The International Handbook of Physics Education Research: Teaching Physics
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425712_019
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2571-2
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2568-2
... College MCT, Short answer R15 Diagnosing and Interpreting Resistor Circuits (DIRECT) DC electric circuits High school, Introductory College MCT R16 Conceptual Survey in Electricity and Magnetism (CSEM) Electrostatics, magnetic forces and fields, Faraday's law Introductory College MCT R17...
Book Chapter
Book cover for Toward Better Photovoltaic Systems:  Design, Simulation, Optimization, Analysis, and Operations
Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425613_001
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2561-3
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2560-6
... forms a short-circuiting effect, which can be equivalent to a parallel resistor (Rsh). Figure 1.1 shows the equivalent circuit diagram of PV cells. PV cells are in operation under given operating conditions (ambient temperature and solar radiation, etc.), and load resistance between...
Book Chapter
Book cover for The International Handbook of Physics Education Research: Learning Physics
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425477_005
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2547-7
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2544-6
... with setting up expressions for infinitesimal quantities. In a problem about a resistor with varying resistivity that required integration, students combined differentiation-integration approaches; these students appeared less likely to connect the mathematical procedure to the physical situation. They also...
Book Chapter
Book cover for The International Handbook of Physics Education Research: Special Topics
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425514_021
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2551-4
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2548-4
... circuit elements is augmented (with more or fewer batteries and/or more or fewer black dots in a cylindrical resistor). Synchronized with the manipulation of the voltage and resistance sliders, the sim dynamically updates the current in the system by scaling the visual size of the red variable I...
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Book
Book
Book cover for The International Handbook of Physics Education Research: Teaching Physics
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425712
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2571-2
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2568-2
Book
Book cover for The International Handbook of Physics Education Research: Learning Physics
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425477
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2547-7
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2544-6
Book
Book cover for The International Handbook of Physics Education Research: Special Topics
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425514
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2551-4
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2548-4
Book
Book cover for MEMS Applications in Electronics and Engineering
Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735424395
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2439-5
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2436-4
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: February 2023
10.1063/9780735425033_013
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2503-3
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2500-2
... losses and duty cycle integrity. Device layout parasitic inductance ↓ A gate resistor is required to suppress gate oscillation, increasing switching losses and lowering performance Power circuit ringing causes losses and negatively affects duty cycle integrity. Power circuit integration...
Book Chapter

Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: November 2022
10.1063/9780735425392_012
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2539-2
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2536-1
... the load power decreases. A curve illustration of the current behavior is shown in Fig. 12.2 ; that is, curve I1 that correlates with resistor r1. The “negative” label relates to the (−) sign in Eq. ( 12.3 ). Inductive line An elementary model of an AC source...
Book Chapter

Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: November 2022
10.1063/9780735425392_008
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2539-2
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2536-1
... X1 representing the winding leakage losses, a resistor Ra that represents the core losses, and an inductor Xm that represents the required magnetizing current that produces the rotating magnetic flux. An ideal transformer having a transformation ratio...
Book Chapter
Book cover for Modern Perspectives in the Study of Electronic Systems

Series: AIPP Books, Perspectives
Published: December 2022
10.1063/9780735422537_004
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2253-7
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2251-3
... is called the DC SQUID. A bias current Ib (for RF SQUID) or 2Ib (for DC SQUID) is applied, putting the operational point midway between the superconducting and the resistive behaviors. Shunt resistors are used to prevent hysteresis behavior...
Book Chapter

Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: November 2022
10.1063/9780735425392_003
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2539-2
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2536-1
..., and (b) the equivalent circuit. The voltage v D is the voltage across the diode, between the anode and the cathode [Fig. 3.4(a) ], and the parallel resistor R p represents the leakage resistance of the diode [Fig. 3.4(b) ]. Solar (photovoltaic) cell A photovoltaic cell...
Book
Book cover for Modern Perspectives in the Study of Electronic Systems
Series: AIPP Books, Perspectives
Published: December 2022
10.1063/9780735422537
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2253-7
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2251-3