Search Results for purchase

... is an electrical system that consists of an array of PV modules, electrical components, conductors, batteries, and one or more loads. It is typically characterized by a self-produced and self-contained mode, that is, it uses the power generated by itself, and it can purchase power from the utility grid in case...

... to purchase and sell electricity. It is important to note that even though the model by Gul et al. (2022) considers two objectives, the model is not a multi-objective problem since objectives are considered under different conditions that depend on whether sunshine is available or not. First one...

... Academy, and a fee-based online tutoring/textbook rental website (Chegg) were used during the course. The way in which students in Ruggieri's study acquired their textbooks is shown below: 48.8% purchased the cheaper online version of the prescribed textbook 13.5% purchased a new print copy...

... to have a shorter lifetime. Thus, it is necessary to establish a preventive maintenance program to facilitate the prediction of the lifetime performance of these BOS components. Other than that, it is also necessary to schedule spare parts to purchase promptly because the PV installation package included...

..., and then transported in a variety of forms like Y-grade stream, E–P mix, and LPG stream ( EIA, 2014 ). For long-distance transportation of NGLs, pipeline transportation is a superior mode compared to rail or highway due to its low unit cost and higher capacity. Finally, NGLs purchased from midstream market hubs...

...; the variable cost refers to the cost of fuel and utility purchases. For the utilities of the proposed system, only electricity and cooling utilities are required. Cooling utilities include cooling water, air cooling, and refrigerant. Since the cooling water comes from seawater and wind power is sufficient...

... of purchase cost, incorporates not only significant computing power but also many sensors, which with the use of appropriate software allow us to record and present data for many parameters with a high sampling rate. The use of sensors in conjunction with digital devices for physics experiments in the school...

... of installing rooftop solar photovoltaic panels is to reduce the amount of electricity purchased for power appliances. Owing to the inherent intermittency features of solar energy, battery energy storage systems are often used to balance the energy between the supply side and the demand side. The solar...

... from the U.S. ( Collinson and Ono, 2001 ). In Italy, the Good School program was launched in 2015, through which teachers were provided with a budget of 500 euros to be spent solely on participation in teacher CPD activities, educational conferences, or purchasing educational materials ( La Buona...

... in this chapter are based upon invisible phenomena, and experimental apparatus to make these phenomena more “real” to students tends to be expensive. Although Geiger–Müller counters can be purchased today for as little as $100 per device, this cost is still prohibitive for many classrooms. Although a number...

... et al., 2021 ). Based on a circular economy concept, the project was launched in 2017 ( Kahya et al., 2021 ). Sustainable actions such as biking to work, purchasing a vegetarian meal or patronizing green energy providers are verified by certified vendors, inspectors or smart sensors...

..., this category of prosumers either have under-sized generators or do not employ proper management techniques to avoid the need to buy extra energy. However, there could be situations where it is more economical to purchase energy than produce locally, especially when diesel generators are being used...

... of the machine's energy use, intelligent algorithms interacting with automation might allow companies/factories to purchase energy flexibly and participate in energy markets ( Fuhrländer-Völker et al., 2022 ). Since renewable energy's part of the energy distribution is expected to continue growing...

... needed to perform all computing tasks. For instance, an organization that only occasionally needs high computing power needs not purchase expensive, sophisticated computers that can be accessed via a cloud computing platform. Remote storage is also made possible by cloud computing. The cloud is an asset...

... purchased together ( Kotu and Deshpande, 2018 ). Anomaly detection algorithms are used to capture outliers within a data set. In more practical terms, they may be used to spot unusual behavior ( Chandola et al., 2009 ), for instance, a malfunctioning equipment. In Rossi et al. (2016...