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Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: September 2021
10.1063/9780735422902_009
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2290-2
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2287-2
... of plasmonic hybrids with subwavelength dimensions. Indeed, metamaterials loaded with LCs, and nematics (NLCs) especially, have contributed considerably to the development of active filters ( Yin et al., 2018 ), dynamically reconfigurable switches ( Buchnev et al., 2015 ; and Xu et al...
Book
Book Cover Image
Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: September 2021
10.1063/9780735422902
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2290-2
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2287-2
Book
Book Cover Image
Series: AIPP Books, Archive
Published: January 1990
10.1063/9780735420632
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2063-2
ISBN-10: 0-917853-56-3
ISBN: 978-0-917853-56-2
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Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Archive
Published: January 1977
10.1063/9780735420908_048
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2090-8
ISBN-10: 0-87739-004-5
ISBN: 978-0-87739-004-6
...This is an electro-optical effect. Nematic liquid crystals of negative dielectric anisotropy are used. The initial orientation of the NLC molecules is perpendicular (homeotropic) to the electrodes. Such layers behave like optically positive, uniaxial crystals. If such a NLC layer is placed between...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Archive
Published: January 1977
10.1063/9780735420908_050
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2090-8
ISBN-10: 0-87739-004-5
ISBN: 978-0-87739-004-6
...In 1968, G.H. Heilmeier and L.A. Zanoni reported a new electro-optic effect based on “guest-host” interactions in nematic liquid crystals (NLCs). The “guest-host” effect is observed when an electric field acts on a NLC (the host) containing as the additive (the guest) dichroic dye molecules...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Archive
Published: January 1977
10.1063/9780735420908_049
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2090-8
ISBN-10: 0-87739-004-5
ISBN: 978-0-87739-004-6
...This electro-optical effect in twisted nematic liquid crystals was discovered by Schadt and Helfrich. Twisted NLC cells produce high contrast, exhibit low threshold potentials, driving voltages of 2-5 volts, and power consumptions of 1-50 μW/cm2. This electro-optical effect in twisted...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Archive
Published: January 1977
10.1063/9780735420908_095
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2090-8
ISBN-10: 0-87739-004-5
ISBN: 978-0-87739-004-6
...R. Williams discovered in 1963 that application of an electric field to a thin layer of nematic liquid crystal (NLC) causes the formation of a lattice of cylindrical lenses within the liquid crystal material. For small a.c. potentials (5-10 volts) the minute deformation takes place regardless...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Archive
Published: January 1977
10.1063/9780735420908_075
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2090-8
ISBN-10: 0-87739-004-5
ISBN: 978-0-87739-004-6
... crystal cell operating in the dynamic scattering mode is essentially a parallel plate capacitor containing a liquid crystal dielectric. The plates are usually made of glass carrying transparent conductive coatings (NESA or NESATRON Glass by PPG Industries). The nematic liquid crystal (NLC) layer usually...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Archive
Published: January 1977
10.1063/9780735420908_047
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2090-8
ISBN-10: 0-87739-004-5
ISBN: 978-0-87739-004-6
... through an arbitrary angle. The use of a half-wave plate is limited to the wavelength for which it was manufactured. A nematic liquid crystal (NLC) film between two surface oriented (rubbed) glass plates becomes a device for rotating the plane of polarized light. If the two glass surfaces are superposed...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Archive
Published: January 1977
10.1063/9780735420908_046
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2090-8
ISBN-10: 0-87739-004-5
ISBN: 978-0-87739-004-6
... boundary surfaces and the nematic liquid crystal (NLC) film assumes a homeotropic (perpendicular) texture. Another method of obtaining this texture is to coat the boundary surfaces with a thin layer of a surfactant such as lecithin. Thin Mylar or Teflon films are satisfactory as spacers. These non...
Book
Book Cover Image
Series: AIPP Books, Archive
Published: January 1977
10.1063/9780735420908
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2090-8
ISBN-10: 0-87739-004-5
ISBN: 978-0-87739-004-6