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Schematic of (a) basic parallel plate electrostatic actuator (Errando-Herranz et al., 2020) and (b) a comb drive for linear motion. Schematic of (c) a basic scratch drive actuator (SDA) (Akiyama and Fujita, 1995). Step by step crawling motion of the actuator under pulse voltage input. (d) Pressing down of plate with rising voltage pushing the bushing forward. (e) Releasing of the SDA by falling voltage resulting in pulling the plate to right while pinning down the bush due to its shape. (f) Negative rise of voltage resulting in another pressing down of the beam resulting in the bushing moving to the left resulting in net rightward motion of the plate from the starting point. This process repeats for each half cycle.
Published: March 2023
FIG. 7.7 Schematic of (a) basic parallel plate electrostatic actuator ( Errando-Herranz et al., 2020 ) and (b) a comb drive for linear motion. Schematic of (c) a basic scratch drive actuator (SDA) ( Akiyama and Fujita, 1995 ). Step by step crawling motion of the actuator under pulse More about this image found in Schematic of (a) basic parallel plate electrostatic actuator ( Errando-Herr...
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Point-tracking the trajectory of a ball thrown vertically from a moving skateboard in Tracker. Video analysis of projectile motion using tablet computers as experimental tools. © IOP Publishing.
Published: March 2023
FIG. 21.2 Point-tracking the trajectory of a ball thrown vertically from a moving skateboard in Tracker. Video analysis of projectile motion using tablet computers as experimental tools. © IOP Publishing. Reproduced with permission. All rights reserved. (Taken from Klein et al More about this image found in Point-tracking the trajectory of a ball thrown vertically from a moving ska...
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A simple schematic to describe the working principle of an accelerometer. An accelerometer is a sensor which when mounted on a moving object measures the object's acceleration. Conceptually, an accelerometer is a spring-mass-damper system mounted on a base that moves due to external excitation. The base excitation causes the seismic mass inside to oscillate. By capturing and analyzing the motion of the mass, the acceleration of the base is estimated.
Published: March 2023
excitation. The base excitation causes the seismic mass inside to oscillate. By capturing and analyzing the motion of the mass, the acceleration of the base is estimated. More about this image found in A simple schematic to describe the working principle of an accelerometer. A...
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(a) Gradient force between evanescently coupled freestanding waveguides (Cai et al., 2012) resulting in bending. (b) Radiation pressure-based actuation using momentum transfer from reflected photons in a Fabry–Perot cavity to study the coupling of optomechanical effect with mechanical motion/vibration (Kippenberg and Vahala, 2008). (c) Electrically and optically heated hot-arm cold-arm type actuator (Serrano and Phinney, 2008).
Published: March 2023
with mechanical motion/vibration ( Kippenberg and Vahala, 2008 ). (c) Electrically and optically heated hot-arm cold-arm type actuator ( Serrano and Phinney, 2008 ). More about this image found in (a) Gradient force between evanescently coupled freestanding waveguides ( C...
Book Chapter
Book cover for The International Handbook of Physics Education Research: Learning Physics
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425477_007
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2547-7
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2544-6
... in uniform motion relative to the laboratory. Furthermore, students often struggle to recognize that the different values of quantities obtained when the procedures are enacted by different observers have equal status as descriptions of the phenomenon (i.e., the motion of the object being studied). Below we...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425712_007
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2571-2
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2568-2
... with the phenomena. Researchers argue that students face difficulties in handling and integrating the conceptual (e.g., periodic graphs) and the perceptual (e.g., the periodic motion of a pendulum) aspects of periodicity ( Buendia and Cordero, 2005 ). The question of how textbooks support this difficult integration...
Book Chapter
Book cover for The International Handbook of Physics Education Research: Learning Physics
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425477_001
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2547-7
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2544-6
... very often wrote down the equations (for frequency of a harmonic oscillator or for harmonic motion) even though it was not given as a task. They found that students had problems with tasks for which they could not rely on these equations, especially the change of amplitude over time and the change...
Book Chapter
Book cover for The International Handbook of Physics Education Research: Learning Physics
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425477_021
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2547-7
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2544-6
... of an object and the spring constant to the amplitude and frequency of wave-like motion is also relevant to phenomena such as earthquakes and their measurements using seismographs ( Vanciu-Rău et al., 2020 ). Physics education research should investigate the challenges of applying these core concepts...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425514_007
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2551-4
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2548-4
... to understand nature and the world. Historically, understanding celestial motions and the structure of the universe influenced the way people saw the world. Even the view of how nature works are rooted in the aesthetic perspectives of physics: symmetry, simplicity and harmony. Many physicists appreciate...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425712_006
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2571-2
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2568-2
.... 6.2 Vernier Logger Pro (left picture) (see: https://shorturl.at/mpwY7 ) and SPARKvue. Pasco App (right picture) (see: https:// shorturl.at/bGUX2 ). Topic area: Dynamics Dynamics, as a branch of mechanics, deals with forces exerted on objects and how these forces affect their motion. Physical...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425514_021
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2551-4
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2548-4
..., Mokros and Tinker (1987) found that asking students to walk in front of an ultrasonic motion detector allowed them to connect their kinesthetic experiences of motion to formal distance graphs in real time. Thornton and Sokoloff ( Thornton, 1987 ; and Thornton and Sokoloff, 1990 ) developed university...
Book Chapter

Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425514_020
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2551-4
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2548-4
... to kinematics problems, some of which included graphs. High- and low-spatial students were more likely to interpret kinematic graphs as abstract representations of an object's motion, whereas high- and-spatial students were more likely to interpret graphs as picture-like representations. However, it seems...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425712_013
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2571-2
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2568-2
... approach without imposing a separation. With this in mind, we can list several physics-related topics, all of which are explored in greater depth later in primary school: simple astronomical and weather observations (and measurements), motion and forces, phases of matter and phase transitions (with water...
Book Chapter
Book cover for The International Handbook of Physics Education Research: Learning Physics
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425477_002
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2547-7
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2544-6
... of continuous mechanics, which deals with establishing relationships between forces, motions, and statical conditions in a continuous material. This area deals with various problems, such as fluid statics, flow in enclosed bodies or around bodies, surface phenomena, and flow stability. Many scientists have been...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425514_025
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2551-4
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2548-4
... their mechanics conceptual diagnostic test, which after later revisions became the widely used Force Concept Inventory. In these interviews, students were first asked to justify their answers and opinions on the test items related to motion and force; the interviewer would then repeatedly introduce contrary...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425712_019
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2571-2
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2568-2
... as cited in Kaltakci-Gurel et al., 2015 ); Force and Motion Conceptual Evaluation (FMCE) ( Thornton and Sokoloff, 1998 ), Electric and Magnetic Conceptual Evaluation (EMCE) ( Maloney et al., 2001 ); Determining and Interpreting Resistive Electric Circuits Concept Test (DIRECT...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425514_018
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2551-4
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2548-4
... the fluxion calculus for describing motion and the changes in motion. At the same time, this example shows how entangled mathematics and physics are the mathematical description arose from physical questions and the development of the related mathematical techniques not only opened the way to physics...
Book
Book cover for The International Handbook of Physics Education Research: Learning Physics
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425477
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2547-7
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2544-6