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Book Chapter
Book cover for The International Handbook of Physics Education Research: Learning Physics
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425477_007
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2547-7
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2544-6
... car has speed 0.8v0 relative to the road at time t = 0 and speed 0.4 v0 at time t = 4 s. Students are also told that for the entire interval from time t = 0 to time t = 4 s, the speeder is ahead of the trooper (i.e., located to the east...
Book Chapter
Book cover for The International Handbook of Physics Education Research: Special Topics

Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425514_020
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2551-4
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2548-4
... and the greatest increase; confusion among the rate of decrease (gradient), amount of increase (interval) and the greatest value; confusion between the interval and the point; difficulty interpolating values and answering about the value which is between given points; pictorial distraction, where...
Book Chapter
Book cover for Energy Systems and Processes:  Recent Advances in Design and Control
Series: AIPP Books, Methods
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425743_001
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2574-3
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2572-9
... 1 t 0 to approximate the original expected objective value by calculating the sample average. The number of scenarios is determined by the desired level of accuracy of the solution, which can be measured by the confidence interval of the optimal solution. In this work, Oracle Crystal...
Book Chapter
Book cover for The International Handbook of Physics Education Research: Special Topics

Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425514_024
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2551-4
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2548-4
... depart from the normal distribution, a 95% confidence interval may be more appropriate. The reporting of confidence intervals is growing in popularity in the broader education research community, as discussed in Sec. 24.8 . Some studies also report the standard error of the mean, SE. The standard error...
Book Chapter
Book cover for The International Handbook of Physics Education Research: Teaching Physics
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425712_007
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2571-2
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2568-2
... by forming a periodic motion in a certain time interval and the graphical representation of the above movement as height-time variation. The layers of generality are noticed in a progressive way by the student. The learning process consists of finding out how to take note of or perceive these layers...
Book Chapter
Book cover for Toward Better Photovoltaic Systems:  Design, Simulation, Optimization, Analysis, and Operations
Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425613_002
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2561-3
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2560-6
... the conditions when the load exceeds generation. It is mathematically expressed using ( Upadhyay and Sharma, 2014 ) (2.2) LLP = ∑ t = 1 N E [ L L ( t ) ] where E [ L L ( t ) ] is the expected value of loss of load at tth time interval, which can be calculated...
Book Chapter
Book cover for The International Handbook of Physics Education Research: Special Topics
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425514_023
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2551-4
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2548-4
... in each analysis and whether the analysis was by original assigned groups Outcomes and estimation 17a For each primary and secondary outcome, results for each group, and the estimated effect size and its precision (such as 95% confidence interval) 17b For binary outcomes, presentation of both...
Book Chapter
Book cover for Toward Better Photovoltaic Systems:  Design, Simulation, Optimization, Analysis, and Operations
Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425613_001
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2561-3
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2560-6
...., 2020 ). A predicted video frame is generated from its learned representation of the error observed during the previous time interval. The error between the actual video frame and the generated video frame is fed back to the representation sub-module as a reference for the next time step video frame...
Book
Book Chapter
Book cover for Toward Better Photovoltaic Systems:  Design, Simulation, Optimization, Analysis, and Operations
Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425613_005
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2561-3
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2560-6
... and the interval uncertainties of PV module material parameters, taking the theoretical efficiency of PV cells under the constraint condition. The parameters of the PV cells and modules were then optimized using deterministic and robust optimization and analyzed using a Monte Carlo simulation. In addition, Zhang...
Book Chapter
Book cover for Energy Systems and Processes:  Recent Advances in Design and Control
Series: AIPP Books, Methods
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425743_008
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2574-3
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2572-9
... in energy systems design, and of quantum computation in control. These discussions will be presented in a general context that is not restricted to energy systems; however, to provide an energy systems context, we will at intervals relate the principles to energy systems through discussion of an enhanced...
Book Chapter
Book cover for The International Handbook of Physics Education Research: Teaching Physics

Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425712_011
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2571-2
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2568-2
... ). Moreover, developing and testing VR for different contexts such as different domains, different learning environments (in the classroom or at home), and different time intervals (from one experiment to semester-long use) is also recommended for future research. To avoid gender bias or influence of previous...
Book Chapter
Book cover for The International Handbook of Physics Education Research: Special Topics

Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425514_015
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2551-4
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2548-4
... (Adequacy of materials for additional works by students). For the evaluation of each criterium, a four-point scale was used: poor, average, good and excellent. In the case of disagreement, an interval was indicated (for example, good to excellent). The committee didn't announce which textbook had...
Book Chapter
Book cover for The International Handbook of Physics Education Research: Learning Physics
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425477_005
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2547-7
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2544-6
... the electric field at the beginning, midpoint, and end point of each interval was counterproductive, but that asking them to sketch the electric field in each region provided helpful scaffolding. Maries and Singh (2018) found that providing students with diagrams that had the electric field drawn led...
Book Chapter
Book cover for The International Handbook of Physics Education Research: Special Topics
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425514_012
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2551-4
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2548-4
...: textbooks regularly evade asking foundational questions when first introducing them, i.e., “what is space?” or “what is time?”—instead, the text quickly links the concept to a measuring instrument. Time is utilized in most equations as an afterthought (“time interval”), and any conceptual...
Book
Book cover for The International Handbook of Physics Education Research: Special Topics
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425514
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2551-4
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2548-4
Images
Net charge concentration extracted while annealing the sample at 510 K, with C–V profiles measured at a regular interval. The sample was initially an EFG substrate irradiated with 1.9 MeV protons with a fluence of 6 × 1014 cm−2. To calculate the carrier recovery activation energy, the carrier concentrations were plotted as a function of time for 3 depletion depths (200, 300, and 400 nm) and fitted to second-order kinetics. The measured energy was ∼1.2 eV, which is likely the defect migration barrier responsible for the carrier recovery (Ingebrigtsen et al., 2019).
Published: February 2023
FIG. 12.11 Net charge concentration extracted while annealing the sample at 510 K, with CV profiles measured at a regular interval. The sample was initially an EFG substrate irradiated with 1.9 MeV protons with a fluence of 6 × 1014 cm−2. To calculate More about this image found in Net charge concentration extracted while annealing the sample at 510 K, wit...
Book
Book cover for The International Handbook of Physics Education Research: Learning Physics
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425477
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2547-7
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2544-6
Book
Book cover for Energy Systems and Processes:  Recent Advances in Design and Control
Series: AIPP Books, Methods
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425743
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2574-3
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2572-9
Book
Book cover for The International Handbook of Physics Education Research: Teaching Physics
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425712
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2571-2
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2568-2