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(a) <span class="search-highlight">Gradient</span> force between evanescently coupled freestanding waveguides ( C...
Published: March 2023
FIG. 7.11 (a) Gradient force between evanescently coupled freestanding waveguides ( Cai et al., 2012 ) resulting in bending. (b) Radiation pressure-based actuation using momentum transfer from reflected photons in a Fabry–Perot cavity to study the coupling of optomechanical effect with mechanical motion/vibration ( Kippenberg and Vahala, 2008 ). (c) Electrically and optically heated hot-arm cold-arm type actuator ( Serrano and Phinney, 2008 ). More about this image found in (a) Gradient force between evanescently coupled freestanding waveguides ( C...
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(a) Optomechanical effect with <span class="search-highlight">gradient</span> force due to evanescent field coupl...
Published: March 2023
FIG. 7.20 (a) Optomechanical effect with gradient force due to evanescent field coupled to mechanical vibration, studied in a piezoelectric AlN optical waveguide ( Dong et al., 2013b ; and Xiong et al., 2013 ). More about this image found in (a) Optomechanical effect with gradient force due to evanescent field coupl...
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Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425590_010
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2559-0
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2556-9
... the C2 column. (b) Schematic showing the lattice plane of CFO (311) and BCZT (111). However, in such a morphologically coherent film, strain near the interface is mainly due to the lattice mismatch between the planes and gradually decreases away from the interface introducing a strain gradient...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425590_009
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2559-0
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2556-9
... ) and in each case the pure rare earth element was found to be distributed in between cells/dendrites. Ji et al. (2005) carried out directional solidification with a super high temperature gradient (500–900 K/cm) zone melting facility and reported two distinct solidification morphologies, viz...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425590_frontmatter
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2559-0
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2556-9
... of the deformation of a solid and is expressed in terms of deformation gradient or displacement gradient. Thus, it is a dimensionless quantity. Strain can be treated as a field tensor that can be applied and measured along any direction with respect to a crystalline solid. It can also be treated...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: March 2023
0
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2561-3
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2560-6
... model parameter estimation based on orthogonally-adapted gradient-based optimization ,” Optik   252 , 168513 ( 2022 ). 10.1016/j.ijleo.2021.168513 ...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425590_006
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2559-0
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2556-9
... in the paraelectric (cubic) phase. The total free energy of a ferroic is expressed as the sum of various contributions such as bulk, electric, magnetic, elastic, and gradient. The bulk term is described using a Landau polynomial of degree six or eight where the polynomial is given as a series expansion...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425590_001
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2559-0
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2556-9
... to exhibit linear elastic behavior. Otherwise, we will provide the necessary constitutive relation between stress and strain. Next we show how to express strain as a measure of deformation gradient or displacement gradient. Let us consider a solid continuum body that is composed of a continuous distribution...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425613_003
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2561-3
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2560-6
.... , and Shao , Q. , “ Solar photovoltaic model parameter estimation based on orthogonally-adapted gradient-based optimization ,” Optik   252 , 168513 ( 2022 ). 10.1016/j.ijleo.2021.168513 In summary, the estimation of parameters for photovoltaic systems is a crucial stage in the design of PV and its...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Methods
Published: March 2023
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2574-3
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2572-9
.... , and Ernzerhof , M. , “ Generalized gradient approximation made simple ,” Phys. Rev. Lett.   77 , 3865 – 3868 ( 1996 ). 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.3865 Rached , D. , Rabah , M. , Benkhettou , N. , Driz , M. , and Soudini , B. , “ Calculated band structures and optical properties...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: March 2023
0
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2561-3
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2560-6
...References References Ahmed , H. , Salgado , I. , Chairez , I. , and Benbouzid , M. , “ Robust gradient estimator for unknown frequency estimation in noisy environment: Application to grid-synchronization ,” IEEE Access   8 , 70693 – 70702 ( 2020 ). 10.1109/ACCESS...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425590_007
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2559-0
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2556-9
... crystal and the corresponding equilibrium domain configuration that leads to the minimization of energy. The total free energy of BFO thin films consists of four major terms like bulk, gradient or domain wall energy, elastic energy term and electric energy term as given in Eq. ( 7.3 ), (7.3) F total...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Methods
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425743_008
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2574-3
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2572-9
... energy sources being considered to replace the use of conventional energy sources is geothermal energy, which is based on using the heat stored in the Earth. The Earth’s temperature rises with depth from the surface to the core and the gradual change in temperature is known as the geothermal gradient...
Book
Book Cover Image
Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425590
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2559-0
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2556-9
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: March 2023
0
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2559-0
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2556-9
.... , “ Flexible multiferroic bulk heterojunction with giant magnetoelectric coupling via van der Waals Epitaxy ,” ACS Nano   11 , 6122 – 6130 ( 2017 ). 10.1021/acsnano.7b02102 Bhat , A. P. and Ramadurai , R. , “ Estimation of gradient size of interfacial strain and its optimization...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735424395_007
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2439-5
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2436-4
...-optomechanics ( Xiong et al., 2013 ). f Excluding piezoelectric polymers which provide high stroke (10−3 m) but low force (10−4 N). g Magnetostrictive. h Magnetostrictive (10−7 m for electromagnetic). i Using gradient force ( Dong et al., 2013a...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Methods
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425743_006
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2574-3
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2572-9
... the diameter of dots. The calculated energy bandgap values of indirect (Γ→L) and (Γ→X) and direct (Γ→Γ) directions using Engel–Vosko generalized gradient approximation (EVGGA) for the investigated Si at varied diameters of dots are displayed in Table 6.1 , corresponding to other experimental results ( Zhang...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Methods
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425743_012
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2574-3
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2572-9
... gradient, − d P d x x ^ , assuming no pressure gradient along the z-coordinate. Additionally, assuming that neither instantaneous acceleration nor external forces affect the flow, the local flow rate into the horizontal direction Qx for a Newtonian...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425477_002
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2547-7
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2544-6
... gradient measurements as a function of flow rate in pipes allow the students to visualize, conceptualize and quantify entropy generation in real processes. As we have seen above, analytical methods have been traditionally used to study fluid mechanics. However, they may be restrictive, as they commonly...