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The “polar” graph for a typical medium-performance glider, displaying the vertical component of velocity (or “vertical speed”) vs the horizontal component of velocity (or “horizontal speed,” which, to a good approximation, is the same as the glider’s speed). A line drawn from the origin to a point on the curve shows the actual path of the glider through still air. (Here the vertical scale is expanded tenfold relative to the horizontal scale.) A line from the origin tangent to the curve defines the glider’s maximum L/D (= cot θ) and locates the speed at which this maximum L/D is achieved. The highest point on the curve provides information on the minimum sink rate and the speed at which this is achieved. The descent of the curve to the right of the maximum L/D speed reveals the penalty for flying fast (Data are tor a Grob 103C, courtesy of Richard H. Johnson and Soaring magazine. Data tor the same glider appear in Figs. 5 through 10.)

The “polar” graph for a typical medium-performance glider, displaying the v...

in Terminal Velocity > With You When You Fly: Aeronautics for Introductory Physics
Published: November 2015
Fig. 4. The “polar” graph for a typical medium-performance glider, displaying the vertical component of velocity (or “vertical speed”) vs the horizontal component of velocity (or “horizontal speed,” which, to a good approximation, is the same as the glider’s speed). A line drawn from the origin More about this image found in The “polar” graph for a typical medium-performance glider, displaying the v...
Images
The three curves are polars for a medium-performance glider in air sinking at 2, 4, and 6 knots. The tangent lines show the paths of minimum descent angle for the three cases. Points A, 8, and C (together with corresponding points for other sink rates of the air) correlate speed to fly with the glider’s rate of descent, leaving out the intermediate variable of the air’s sink rate.

The three curves are polars for a medium-performance glider in air sinking ...

in Terminal Velocity > With You When You Fly: Aeronautics for Introductory Physics
Published: November 2015
Fig. 8. The three curves are polars for a medium-performance glider in air sinking at 2, 4, and 6 knots. The tangent lines show the paths of minimum descent angle for the three cases. Points A, 8, and C (together with corresponding points for other sink rates of the air) correlate speed to fly More about this image found in The three curves are polars for a medium-performance glider in air sinking ...
Images
The “polar” graph for a typical medium-performance glider, displaying the vertical component of velocity (or “vertical speed”) vs the horizontal component of velocity (or “horizontal speed,” which, to a good approximation, is the same as the glider’s speed). A line drawn from the origin to a point on the curve shows the actual path of the glider through still air. (Here the vertical scale is expanded tenfold relative to the horizontal scale.) A line from the origin tangent to the curve defines the glider’s maximum L/D (= cot θ) and locates the speed at which this maximum L/D is achieved. The highest point on the curve provides information on the minimum sink rate and the speed at which this is achieved. The descent of the curve to the right of the maximum L/D speed reveals the penalty for flying fast (Data are tor a Grob 103C, courtesy of Richard H. Johnson and Soaring magazine. Data tor the same glider appear in Figs. 5 through 10.)

The “polar” graph for a typical medium-performance glider, displaying the v...

in Terminal Velocity > With You When You Fly: Aeronautics for Introductory Physics
Published: November 2015
Fig. 4. The “polar” graph for a typical medium-performance glider, displaying the vertical component of velocity (or “vertical speed”) vs the horizontal component of velocity (or “horizontal speed,” which, to a good approximation, is the same as the glider’s speed). A line drawn from the origin More about this image found in The “polar” graph for a typical medium-performance glider, displaying the v...
Images
The three curves are polars for a medium-performance glider in air sinking at 2, 4, and 6 knots. The tangent lines show the paths of minimum descent angle for the three cases. Points A, B, and C (together with corresponding points for other sink rates of the air) correlate speed to fly with the glider’s rate of descent, leaving out the intermediate variable of the air’s sink rate.

The three curves are polars for a medium-performance glider in air sinking ...

in Terminal Velocity > With You When You Fly: Aeronautics for Introductory Physics
Published: November 2015
Fig. 8. The three curves are polars for a medium-performance glider in air sinking at 2, 4, and 6 knots. The tangent lines show the paths of minimum descent angle for the three cases. Points A, B, and C (together with corresponding points for other sink rates of the air) correlate speed to fly More about this image found in The three curves are polars for a medium-performance glider in air sinking ...
Images
Polars for a low-performance, a medium-performance, and a high-performance glider. The minimum sink rates for the gliders do not differ greatly, but their maximum L/D’s (labeled) and penalties for flying fast are quite different. (Data are for a Schweizer 1-26E, Grab 103C, and ASH-26E, in order of increasing performance, courtesy of Richard H. Johnson and Soaring magazine.)

Polars for a low-performance, a medium-performance, and a high-performance ...

in Terminal Velocity > With You When You Fly: Aeronautics for Introductory Physics
Published: November 2015
Fig. 5. Polars for a low-performance, a medium-performance, and a high-performance glider. The minimum sink rates for the gliders do not differ greatly, but their maximum L/D’s (labeled) and penalties for flying fast are quite different. (Data are for a Schweizer 1-26E, Grab More about this image found in Polars for a low-performance, a medium-performance, and a high-performance ...
Images
Polars for a low-performance, a medium-performance, and a high-performance glider. The minimum sink rates for the gliders do not differ greatly, but their maximum L/D’s (labeled) and penalties for flying fast are quite different. (Data are for a Schweizer 1-26E, Grab 103C, and ASH-26E, in order of increasing performance, courtesy of Richard H. Johnson and Soaring magazine.)

Polars for a low-performance, a medium-performance, and a high-performance ...

in Terminal Velocity > With You When You Fly: Aeronautics for Introductory Physics
Published: November 2015
Fig. 5. Polars for a low-performance, a medium-performance, and a high-performance glider. The minimum sink rates for the gliders do not differ greatly, but their maximum L/D’s (labeled) and penalties for flying fast are quite different. (Data are for a Schweizer 1-26E, Grab More about this image found in Polars for a low-performance, a medium-performance, and a high-performance ...
Book Chapter
Book cover for With You When You Fly: Aeronautics for Introductory Physics

Scientific Thinking

Series: AIPP Books, Archive
Published: November 2015
10.1063/9780735421547_003
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2154-7
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2152-3
...Dimension Ratios Glider #1 Glider #2 Glider #3 Glider #4 Glider #5 Glider #6 Length Width Dimension Ratios Glider #1 Glider #2 Glider #3 Glider #4 Glider #5 Glider #6 Length Width Factor...
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Book Chapter
Book cover for With You When You Fly: Aeronautics for Introductory Physics

Terminal Velocity

Series: AIPP Books, Archive
Published: November 2015
10.1063/9780735421547_006
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2154-7
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2152-3
...Model Gliders Mass Full-sized Gliders Mass 1 .5 kg 4 500 kg 2 .9 kg 5 900 kg 3 1.4 kg 6 1,400 kg What do you think causes drag? How does it work? Drawing How does it work? Explanation Fig. 4. The “polar” graph...
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Book cover for With You When You Fly: Aeronautics for Introductory Physics

With You When You Fly: Aeronautics for Introductory Physics

Series: AIPP Books, Archive
Published: November 2015
10.1063/9780735421547
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2154-7
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2152-3
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Book Chapter
Book cover for Teaching Physics for the First Time

Assessment and Evaluation

Series: AIPP Books, Archive
Published: August 2012
10.1063/9780735420816_016
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2081-6
ISBN-10: 1-931024-10-3
ISBN: 978-1-931024-10-5
..., and calculate the percent discrepancy of your prediction. Station G: “Glider-pulley-hanging mass” Procedure A tilted air track has its glider attached to an unknown mass. Your job is to calculate the unknown mass. Release the glider from rest and time its trip on the air track. Use a ruler to determine...
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Book Chapter
Book cover for Teaching Physics for the First Time

Momentum

Series: AIPP Books, Archive
Published: August 2012
10.1063/9780735420816_007
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2081-6
ISBN-10: 1-931024-10-3
ISBN: 978-1-931024-10-5
...) Materials Hints for this Demo Equipment Needed for this Demo Three-Stage Human Rocket2 Demonstration or Mini-Lab Problem Discussion Materials Summing Up Discussion How to Present this Demo Spring-Apart Gliders...
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Book Chapter
Book cover for Teaching Physics for the First Time

Momentum

Series: AIPP Books, Archive
Published: May 2012
10.1063/9780735420991_007
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2099-1
ISBN-10: 1-931024-24-3
ISBN: 978-1-931024-24-2
.... The teacher-directed demonstrations/mini-labs Spring-Apart Gliders and Three-Stage Human Rocket apply the concept of conservation of momentum. The effects of internal versus external forces on a system are also examined. The definition of impulse is developed and related to the change in momentum...
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Book Chapter
Book cover for Teaching Physics for the First Time

Getting Started: Possible First Day Activities

Series: AIPP Books, Archive
Published: August 2012
10.1063/9780735420816_002
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2081-6
ISBN-10: 1-931024-10-3
ISBN: 978-1-931024-10-5
... some of the following: wind-up tractor, turntable, bicycle wheel, Hot Wheels® track and car, gyroscope, top, strobe light, air track with floating gliders, metronome, or yo-yo. This is a fun demonstration of evaporation. Put the bird’s head in the water and let him “drink.” As the water...
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Book Chapter
Book cover for Teaching Physics for the First Time

Getting Started: Possible First Day Activities

Series: AIPP Books, Archive
Published: May 2012
10.1063/9780735420991_002
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2099-1
ISBN-10: 1-931024-24-3
ISBN: 978-1-931024-24-2
... with floating gliders, metronome, or yo-yo. Physics Treasure hunt When you find each item, write it down next to the description. A. Measurement Find something that is about one meter long, wide, or tall. Find something that is about one centimeter long, wide, or tall. Find someone who is about...
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Book cover for Teaching Physics for the First Time

Teaching Physics for the First Time

Series: AIPP Books, Archive
Published: August 2012
10.1063/9780735420816
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2081-6
ISBN-10: 1-931024-10-3
ISBN: 978-1-931024-10-5
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Book
Book cover for Teaching Physics for the First Time

Teaching Physics for the First Time

Series: AIPP Books, Archive
Published: May 2012
10.1063/9780735420991
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2099-1
ISBN-10: 1-931024-24-3
ISBN: 978-1-931024-24-2
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Book Chapter
Book cover for Teaching About Impulse and Momentum: <subtitle>An AAPT/PTRA Resource</subtitle>

Assessment Questions

Series: AIPP Books, Archive
Published: January 2005
10.1063/9780735421202_010
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2120-2
ISBN-10: 1-931024-06-5
ISBN: 978-1-931024-06-8
... 4.47 5.03 What is the momentum of the gun, in SI units? -1.68 -2.24 -2.8 -3.35 -3.91 What is the recoil velocity of the gun in, m/s? -.559 -.699 -.839 -.978 -1.12 If the bullet embeds itself in a. 251 kg glider on an air track, how fast, in m/s, will the glider...
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Book cover for Teaching About Impulse and Momentum: <subtitle>An AAPT/PTRA Resource</subtitle>

Laboratory Activities

Series: AIPP Books, Archive
Published: January 2005
10.1063/9780735421202_003
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2120-2
ISBN-10: 1-931024-06-5
ISBN: 978-1-931024-06-8
... of rolling carts or air track gliders It is preferable to constrain the colliding objects to a horizontal, straight path in order to avoid a two-dimensional analysis. The collisions can be elastic, using springs or strong magnets; or they can be inelastic, using clay, Velcro, or a spike sinking into a soft...
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Book cover for Teaching About Impulse and Momentum: <subtitle>An AAPT/PTRA Resource</subtitle>

Teaching About Impulse and Momentum: An AAPT/PTRA Resource

Series: AIPP Books, Archive
Published: January 2005
10.1063/9780735421202
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2120-2
ISBN-10: 1-931024-06-5
ISBN: 978-1-931024-06-8
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Book Chapter
Book cover for Teaching About Impulse and Momentum: <subtitle>An AAPT/PTRA Resource</subtitle>

Background Material

Series: AIPP Books, Archive
Published: January 2005
10.1063/9780735421202_002
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2120-2
ISBN-10: 1-931024-06-5
ISBN: 978-1-931024-06-8
... two air track gliders repelled by magnets mounted on them. If we level the track, this nearly frictionless situation has only a bit of air resistance (and some eddy current drag, which can be minimized by mounting the magnets well above the track) in the way of net external forces, and we can safely...
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