FIG. 6.3 Dual-Range Force Sensor (left picture) (see: https://www.vernier.com/product/dual-range-force-sensor/ ) and Go Direct Force and Acceleration Sensor (right picture) [available at https://www.vernier.com/product/go-direct-force-and-acceleration-sensor/ ). More about this image found in Dual-Range Force Sensor (left picture) (see: https://www.vernier.com/produ...

FIG. 3.9 Paper-based piezoresistive force sensor. (a) Schematic diagram of a paper-based force sensor using a carbon resistor (shown in black) as the sensing component, contact pads shown in silver ink (shown in blue) with perforation of fold lines made by a laser cutter; (b) folded sensor; and (c) force–deflection curve of unfolded and folded cantilever. Reprinted with permission from Liu et al., Lab Chip 11 (13), 2189 (2011). Copyright 2011 Royal Society of Chemistry. More about this image found in Paper-based piezoresistive force sensor. (a) Schematic diagram of a paper-b...

FIG. 7.11 (a) Gradient force between evanescently coupled freestanding waveguides ( Cai et al., 2012 ) resulting in bending. (b) Radiation pressure-based actuation using momentum transfer from reflected photons in a Fabry–Perot cavity to study the coupling of optomechanical effect with mechanical motion/vibration ( Kippenberg and Vahala, 2008 ). (c) Electrically and optically heated hot-arm cold-arm type actuator ( Serrano and Phinney, 2008 ). More about this image found in (a) Gradient force between evanescently coupled freestanding waveguides ( C...

FIG. 7.20 (a) Optomechanical effect with gradient force due to evanescent field coupled to mechanical vibration, studied in a piezoelectric AlN optical waveguide ( Dong et al., 2013b ; and Xiong et al., 2013 ). More about this image found in (a) Optomechanical effect with gradient force due to evanescent field coupl...

FIG. 9.5 Cantilever beam (a) immune to magnetic repulsive force, therefore, linear and (b) subject to magnetic repulsive force; d_L and d_NL represent the displacement of the beam in the linear and nonlinear cases, respectively. Reproduced with permission from Andò et al., J. Micromech. Microeng. 20 (12), 125020 ( 2010 ). Copyright 2010 IOP. More about this image found in Cantilever beam (a) immune to magnetic repulsive force, therefore, linear a...

FIG. 9.3 (a) Restoring forces and (b) potential energy functions for different MEH configurations. More about this image found in (a) Restoring forces and (b) potential energy functions for different MEH c...

FIG. 21.6 A modeled pendulum in Algodoo with dynamic vector arrows as they change throughout the pendulum swing—velocity in black, external forces on the bob in white, and the sum of all external forces in green (left). A constructed “car” in Algodoo with motors on the front and rear wheels ascends a slope (right). Dynamic vector arrows are displayed for the orange box, while the graph above shows the time dependence of the box's gravitational potential energy. More about this image found in A modeled pendulum in Algodoo with dynamic vector arrows a...

FIG. 8.26 Ideal, laterally homogeneous barrier height corrected for image-force lowering vs metal work function for (a) plain metals and (b) oxidized metal Schottky contacts on ( 2 ¯ 01) β-Ga₂O₃. Reprinted with permission from Hou et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 114 (3), 033502 (2019a). Copyright 2019 AIP Publishing LLC. More about this image found in Ideal, laterally homogeneous barrier height corrected for image-force lower...

FIG. 9.4 The response of a typical nonlinear energy harvester under harmonic excitations for various (a) amplitudes of external force (c = 0.1) and (b) damping co-efficient (F = 1). More about this image found in The response of a typical nonlinear energy harvester under harmonic excitat...

FIG. 5.13 (a) Dependence of nanostrain on the incoherent interface of nanoparticles and (b) dependence of normalized maximum isotropic pinning force on nanostrain of the YBCO–BMO sample ( Coll et al., 2014 ). Reproduced with permission from Coll et al., Supercond. Sci. Technol. 27 , 044008 (2014). Copyright 2014 IoP Publishing. More about this image found in (a) Dependence of nanostrain on the incoherent interface of nanoparticles a...

FIG. 9.2 Frequency response of a linear generator for (a) different values of the input force (Y₀) and (b) different values of the parasitic damping (ρ_m) which changes the open circuit quality factor. More about this image found in Frequency response of a linear generator for (a) different values of the in...

FIG. 4.7 (a) Optical image of VO₂ beam with one side clamped on quartz substrate ( Fan et al., 2009 ); (b) optical image of VO₂ beam on bending from the edge, shows initiation of phase transition (arrow marked) ( Fan et al., 2009 ); and (c) force v/s bending displacement plot, shows the nucleation of R phase at the kinks (arrow marked) with displacement ( Fan et al., 2009 ). More about this image found in (a) Optical image of VO₂ beam with one side clamped on quartz su...

FIG. 6.3 Comparisons of DFT and DP predicted energies (a) and forces (b) on 40 frames of a gas-phase methane molecule. More about this image found in Comparisons of DFT and DP predicted energies (a) and forces (b) on 40 frame...