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A schematic picture illustrates the idea of frequency-adaptive metadynamics...
Published: January 2023
FIG. 8.1 A schematic picture illustrates the idea of frequency-adaptive metadynamics (FAMetaD) to calculate the transition times. (a) FAMetaD fills the free energy basin with a high frequency at the beginning of the simulation, but switches to a low frequency when the system evolves close to the t... More about this image found in A schematic picture illustrates the idea of frequency-adaptive metadynamics...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425712_013
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2571-2
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2568-2
... of filling and empty connected vessels by measuring the height of the water level in a vessel over time. Some of these tasks test the interpretation of data when the dependencies of the measured quantities are not linear. Slovenia is characterized by high female employment: 86% of women with children...
Images
(a) Cartoon showing an example of the <span class="search-highlight">time</span> evolution of a bias potential in...
Published: January 2023
FIG. 8.2 (a) Cartoon showing an example of the time evolution of a bias potential in metadynamics, which can be regarded as “filling the energy well with computational sand.” (b) Cartoon illustration of the idea of InMetaD. Z0 is the partition function at state A, Z 0 * is the partition function at the transition state, and ZM is an analogue of Z0 in the metadynamics simulation. More about this image found in (a) Cartoon showing an example of the time evolution of a bias potential in...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425712_018
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2571-2
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2568-2
... Mortimer , E. and Scott , P. , Meaning Making in Secondary Science Classrooms ( Open University Press , Buckingham , 2003 ). Novak , G. M.   et al. , Just-in-Time Teaching Blending Active Learning with Web Technology ( Prentice Hall , Upper Saddle River, NJ , 1998 ). OECD...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425590_002
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2559-0
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2556-9
... a very wide range of length and time scales: from atomistic or the nanoscale to mesoscopic and device dimensions. The properties calculated in lower length scale models can be used as input for the higher length scale methods and vice versa, thus bridging the microscopic and macroscopic properties...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425477_002
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2547-7
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2544-6
... are tasked to use fundamental statistics to describe the emptying time for each bottle and to use dimensional analysis to transform the raw data to yield a predictive trend. A method of least-squares regression analysis is suggested to find an empirical correlation relating dimensionless time...
Images
Graphic representation unbiased MD, U.S., ABF, MtD, and WTM-eABF. (a) In un...
Published: January 2023
FIG. 7.3 Graphic representation unbiased MD, U.S., ABF, MtD, and WTM-eABF. (a) In unbiased MD, the molecular assembly can only explore the region around a local minimum. (b) and (c) U.S. adopts harmonic restraints and the stratification strategy to enforce sufficient sampling along the transition ... More about this image found in Graphic representation unbiased MD, U.S., ABF, MtD, and WTM-eABF. (a) In un...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425613_005
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2561-3
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2560-6
... for the reliability analysis of photovoltaic (PV) power generation systems have received increasing attention as such systems become more widely employed. System reliability is represented by a performance index that reflects the ability of the system to complete the specified function under the specified time...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425477_010
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2547-7
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2544-6
... representation was known at the time ( Nersessian, 1992 ). Although recognizing an analogical problem structure can lead to transfer of a known solution to a new problem, many studies have found that spontaneous transfer of a learned solution method to a new problem context is rare ( Reed et al., 1974...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425514_022
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2551-4
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2548-4
... to feel. It is difficult: They have grown up and still live in an educational system filled with messages that confusion and uncertainty are bad things to avoid. I was motivated to write this essay for my sense that we too, the PER community, feel systemic pressures to present clear, simple findings...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425712_010
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2571-2
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2568-2
... or formal rules do you have to follow to meet the goal? What is the time constraint? What needs to be handed in? How is it graded? How does it count toward the final grade? Is it a once off exercise or are revisions allowed? Can students interact with each other and to what extent can they share...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425477_012
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2547-7
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2544-6
... to be activated together with “knowledge comes from physical experience.” Hammer et al. (2005) used this insight to account for variations in individual engagement in learning experiences at different times and contexts, and showed how a particular frame can “transfer” across contexts...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425514_012
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2551-4
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2548-4
... ). Dainton , B. , Time and Space , 2nd ed. ( McGill-Queens Press , Montreal , 2010 ). De Haro , S. , Found. Sci.   25 , 297 – 314 ( 2020 ). 10.1007/s10699-019-09619-2 d'Espagnat , B. , On Philosophy and Physics ( Princeton University Press , Princeton , 2006...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: March 2023
0
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2559-0
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2556-9
...References References Akhade , S. A. and Kitchin , J. R. , “ Effects of strain, d-band filling, and oxidation state on the surface electronic structure and reactivity of 3d perovskite surfaces ,” J. Chem. Phys.   137 , 084703 ( 2012 ). 10.1063/1.4746117 Angel , R. J...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425712_007
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2571-2
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2568-2
... spring. The interval between two shots is always the same. During the photo-shoot, the photo-block moves horizontally with constant speed. In this way, the photo shows how the vertical displacement changes with respect to time. Fig. 4.29: Oscillation of a spring and the car body without using...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425514_017
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2551-4
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2548-4
...FIG. 17.1 Overview of the “key ideas” discussed in the review chapter. FIG. 17.2 The distribution over time of PTEL publication studied in this chapter. References References Abd-El-Khalick , F.   et al. , J. Res. Sci. Teach.   54 ( 1 ), 82 – 120 ( 2017 ). 10.1002/tea.21339...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425514_025
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2551-4
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2548-4
... is a process of comparing data of different types (e.g., interview and observation) and across multiple times (comparing one observation to another) and multiple participants. One may look at both observations and interviews to gain a better understanding of a student's ideas. Member checking...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425477_018
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2547-7
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2544-6
... student development of these three types of skills over time. Should the technical and practical skills be taught first before any discussion of cognitive decision-making and metacognition or vice versa or simultaneously? Consider, for example, uncertainty and data analysis. We typically teach procedures...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425712_020
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2571-2
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2568-2
... Diagnosing Students’ Conceptions of Optics by Drawing Diagrams and Writing Descriptions Drawing graphs of light's behavior when collecting real-time data Multiple data sources including drawings Drawing ray diagrams Drawing ray diagrams and other representations Optical phenomena of reflection...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425514_001
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2551-4
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2548-4
...” (p. 253). Moriarty collected survey responses from 152 STEM instructors; participants largely identified as white (91%) and were split equally as identifying as men (49%) and women (51%); 36 to 51 years old (40%) and 51 to 65 years old (48%); and teaching full time (57%) and part-time (42%). Moriarty...