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![Schematic of the growth configuration and the corresponding x-ray diffraction pattern of the BFO layers with constant thickness and LSMO with varying thicknesses [tetragonal (a), mixed (b), and rhombohedral (c)].](https://aipp.silverchair-cdn.com/aipp/content_public/books/145/parts/chapter7/1/s_9780735425590_007_f7-6.jpeg?Expires=2147483647&Signature=hsTaNpOpVGo406hKYk~FLU1HUnEkf2K5uQ-ZTJeCYagWLulA1wZ~rWPaO5xzsrjxQL0NKv20MKhDcXX0nsa9p0A6~qh78ZXKYhPbkFHB62MK7S66Tz6knNUZeG3yjfAIVhvhVpHygVVj73dW312aL4MbqwaUtPzRgNQQSoZD57mVjEDQQ9Y7UBKz268QMN5XfxgaqDGYPpXoXBQoqAcb9s70EoHe~dL9zQIQfc9mZzQd7eQ9s9L-emZvN5JSSb6KXdvuKEDiOYeuirrYs4K~TOaz0V9rYRuYNbYrYHkbePDNbboE32EZFDcqyCJB5LxHryIWqfA78th6fx2sr2kNdA__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAIE5G5CRDK6RD3PGA)
![Diffraction peaks of (200) and (020) before and after strain annealing [(a)–(c)] the relationship between Tc and lattice constants at room temperature (d). The inset shows Tc vs orthorhombicity a/b; the solid line is the result of fitting by a function of (a/b)2 (Awaji et al., 2015).](https://aipp.silverchair-cdn.com/aipp/content_public/books/145/parts/chapter5/1/s_9780735425590_005_f5-10.jpeg?Expires=2147483647&Signature=GpLHNnKqAvd~j5Juw-1KklQ3iR5w-R8aQq9geI1N6n3hVwTG6CdtcfgFjjnCsn5aElXRw5GABoLqViyhO6-l~sRLKeT9kykhWi00uS~4iTkUAZQrjidvZynsWLOC3WqrhE3QpBLBW1GvsSP8wwQYEH2sQZPCWFbNk5437RpwPd8YSRSzN0h~4VBXiaXLOsUACAJYKyoyxsgyZ7nZWWTOqKoWuTcqiSn4oxztV07cHXNmq1WfMuAvnrTcmAEtR8OpNibUrvJp5Bsey0LaCB2RSXzTIsG1QB8Yj7jy1~6RLiKC-ByB2tcFTZGZeHLSFo-Xiw0WtuQcf5sLho8B7TY~IQ__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAIE5G5CRDK6RD3PGA)
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Search Results for constant
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Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Methods
Published: January 2023
10.1063/9780735425279_005
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2527-9
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2524-8
...Huang, Y., “Simulating membrane proteins with constant pH molecular dynamics,” in A Practical Guide to Recent Advances in Multiscale Modeling and Simulation of Biomolecules, edited by Y. Wang and R. Zhou (AIP Publishing, Melville, New York, 2023), pp. 5-1–5-14. Introduction pH represents...
Images
in Toward More Rapid Accumulation of Knowledge about What Works in Physics Education: The Role of Replication, Reporting Practices, and Meta-Analysis
> The International Handbook of Physics Education Research: Special Topics
Published: March 2023
FIG. 23.1 Estimates of the universal gravitation constant from replicated experiments used in the 2014 determination of reference values ( Mohr et al., 2016 ). More about this image found in Estimates of the universal gravitation constant from replicated experiments...
Images
in Substrate Strain Induced Effects on Multiferroic Epilayers
> Strain Engineering in Functional Materials and Devices
Published: March 2023
FIG. 7.8 RSM image of LSMO layer of ∼20 nm and BFO layer of ∼20 nm in which both are expected to be relaxed from that of the substrate lattice constant and possess the strain relaxed lattice constant. More about this image found in RSM image of LSMO layer of ∼20 nm and BFO layer of ∼20 nm in which both are...
Images
in Substrate Strain Induced Effects on Multiferroic Epilayers
> Strain Engineering in Functional Materials and Devices
Published: March 2023
FIG. 7.6 Schematic of the growth configuration and the corresponding x-ray diffraction pattern of the BFO layers with constant thickness and LSMO with varying thicknesses [tetragonal (a), mixed (b), and rhombohedral (c)]. More about this image found in Schematic of the growth configuration and the corresponding x-ray diffracti...
Images
Published: March 2023
FIG. 4.5 Examples of energy tracking diagrams for a person compressing a spring at a constant speed (a), and a pair of attracting magnets, where one is pulled away by a person from the other. Reprinted with permission from Scherr et al., Phys. Teach. 54 (2), 96 (2016). Copyright 2016 More about this image found in Examples of energy tracking diagrams for a person compressing a spring at a...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: March 2023
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2559-0
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2556-9
...Acknowledgments The authors acknowledge Dr. G. Madhusudhan Reddy, Outstanding Scientist and Director, DMRL Hyderabad for the constant encouragements. The authors also acknowledge Dr. S. Pandian, Scientist (Retd.), DMRL and Dr. Himalay Basumatary, Scientist, DMRL for the support rendered at various...
Images
in Microscopic-Strain-Related Phenomena in Functional Oxides
> Strain Engineering in Functional Materials and Devices
Published: March 2023
FIG. 5.10 Diffraction peaks of (200) and (020) before and after strain annealing [(a)–(c)] the relationship between Tc and lattice constants at room temperature (d). The inset shows Tc vs orthorhombicity a/b; the solid More about this image found in Diffraction peaks of (200) and (020) before and after strain annealing [(a)...
Images
in Substrate Strain Induced Effects on Multiferroic Epilayers
> Strain Engineering in Functional Materials and Devices
Published: March 2023
FIG. 7.7 (a) RSM studies of tetragonal BFO of 20 nm grown on LSMO∼2 nm on LAO(001) substrates recorded in assymetric mode at 10 3 ¯ reflection and (b) RSM studies of LSMO ∼10 nm showing the smearing out of peak away from the planar lattice constant of LAO, indicating the beginning More about this image found in (a) RSM studies of tetragonal BFO of 20 nm grown on LSMO∼2 nm on LAO(001) s...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425514_023
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2551-4
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2548-4
... focused on the so-called fundamental constants of mathematical physics. A seminal methodological paper on the joint estimation of these constants was published by Birge (1932) providing the basic statistical methods that are still used in combining evidence across studies to obtain the reference values...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Methods
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425743_006
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2574-3
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2572-9
... developments of functional applications. Effect of Quantum: The main feature is the quantum mechanics that is an important field of physics to deal with the phenomena of physics with a focused view in nanoscale, to take into consideration the Planck constant ( Maksym and Chakraborty, 1990 ; and Loss, 2009...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Methods
Published: March 2023
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2574-3
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2572-9
... ( 1979 ). 10.1002/pssb.2220930257 Samara , G. A. , “ Temperature and pressure dependences of the dielectric constants of semiconductors ,” Phys. Rev. B 27 , 3494 – 3505 ( 1983 ). 10.1103/PhysRevB.27.3494 Savolainen , K. , Pylkkänen , L. , Norppa , H. , Falck , G...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425477_004
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2547-7
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2544-6
.... 2 Christian Huygens proposed that in the case where the center of gravity of two colliding bodies stays constant another quantity had to stay constant: the total mv2 before and after the collision. But it was Leibniz who proposed a living force, or vis viva, inherent...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425477_003
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2547-7
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2544-6
... tasks included adiabatic compression, constant-volume heating, constant pressure heating, and a change of state. Students were asked, for example, to explain the increase in pressure and temperature in the adiabatic compression: “can you explain why in terms of particles?” In the constant-volume heating...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2547-7
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2544-6
... constant Energy of a photon Heisenberg's principle Atom stability and emission Orbitals, wave function and probability in QM Molecules and solid state matter h allows us to explain how matter emits radiation The energy of a photon depends on the color of the light...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Methods
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425743_010
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2574-3
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2572-9
.... For example, the functions can be of polynomial, constant, trigonometric, and exponential forms as follows: (10.2) Θ = [ | | | | | | | | | 1 x x 2 ⋯ u sin ( x ) ⋯ exp ( x ) exp ( u...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425590_001
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2559-0
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2556-9
... are also obeyed by S . Thus, the number of independent coefficients reduce from 81 to 36. To further simplify the representation, one can use Voigt notation where elastic constants are described by a 6 × 6 matrix, and the symmetric stress and strain tensors as 6 × 1 vectors. Thus, the six independent...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425590_003
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2559-0
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2556-9
... and the layer. Each crystal is characterized by its building block called “unit cell.” Each unit cell possesses unique characteristics, viz., lattice constant (provides the information about shape and size) and symmetry (pattern). In order to grow a single-crystal layer of any material on a specific substrate...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Methods
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425743_012
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2574-3
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2572-9
... on the following standard assumptions: (1) the fracture length is greater than its height in ultra-low permeability formations; hence, the fracture propagation is described by using the Perkins, Kern, and Nordgren (PKN) model (refer to Fig. 12.2 ), and the fluid pressure along the vertical direction is constant...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Professional
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425477_007
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2547-7
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2544-6
... and observe the moon for just a few seconds—you do not perceive movement. But if you walk across the meadow while tracking the moon, you might say “it is following me.” When pointing to the moon, your outstretched arm maintains a constant orientation relative to your body, and the horizon. Your motor system...
Book Chapter
Series: AIPP Books, Methods
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425743_007
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2574-3
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2572-9
... in solvent regeneration. A weighted summation of the two objectives was considered in the EMPC optimization as well as in the RTO optimization. In this application, it was shown that operating the carbon capture plant at a constant set-point is not favourable and leads to a significant waste of the energy...
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