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FIG. 11.1 The illustration of the layered cell wall structure and the corresponding lattice sites used in our simulation. More about this image found in The illustration of the layered cell wall structure and the corresponding l...

FIG. 11.11 The cell wall thickens reaching the set-point. More about this image found in The cell wall thickens reaching the set-point.

FIG. 11.14 The snapshots of the cell wall thickness at different time instances during closed-loop control. More about this image found in The snapshots of the cell wall thickness at different time instances during...

FIG. 1.1 Equivalent circuit of PV cell ( Chaibi et al., 2018 ). More about this image found in Equivalent circuit of PV cell ( Chaibi et al., 2018 ).

FIG. 1.2 Equivalent circuit of (a) the ideal one-diode PV cell model, (b) and (c) simplified one-diode models, (d) practical one-diode model, (e) double-diode model (DDM), (f) modified double-diode model (MDDM), (g) reverse double-diode model, and (h) three-diode model (TDM) ( Abbassi et al More about this image found in Equivalent circuit of (a) the ideal one-diode PV cell model, (b) and (c) si...

FIG. 1.3 (a) Modified equivalent circuit for a solar cell. (b) Physical configuration of a PV array. (c) Convergence curve of simulation results ( Tian et al., 2012 ). More about this image found in (a) Modified equivalent circuit for a solar cell. (b) Physical configuratio...

FIG. 1.14 (a) Partially shaded PV cell undergoing hotspot condition. (b) Equivalent thermal model to estimate the time dependence of the temperature of the portion of the PV cell (A_HS) under hotspot conditions ( Rossi et al., 2014 ). More about this image found in (a) Partially shaded PV cell undergoing hotspot condition. (b) Equivalent t...

FIG. 7.3 The working mechanism of a PV cell ( Electrical A2Z ). More about this image found in The working mechanism of a PV cell ( Electrical A2Z ).

FIG. 4.1 (a) Schematic illustration of unit cell of monoclinic phase (M1) and rutile phase (R) ( Goodenough, 1971 ) and (b) illustration of the electronic band structure of the M1 phase and R phase ( Lee et al., 2020 ). More about this image found in (a) Schematic illustration of unit cell of monoclinic phase (M1) and rutile...

FIG. 7.2 (a) Schematic of the pseudocubic unit cell with indication of eight equivalent polarization directions of 〈111〉. (b) The projection of the spin tip on (111) plane of pseudocubic BFO and (c) schematic of the spin cycloidal antiferromagnetic arrangement. More about this image found in (a) Schematic of the pseudocubic unit cell with indication of eight equival...

FIG. 7.4 (a) The schematic of the pseudocubic unit cell of BFO indicating the polarization vector pointing toward [111] direction and the schematic of the PFM tip approaching from the top, (b) out-of-plane phase contrast, and (c) in-plane phase contrast obtained from a PFM for a BFO/STO More about this image found in (a) The schematic of the pseudocubic unit cell of BFO indicating the polari...

FIG. 7.5 (a) The schematic of the pseudocubic unit cell of BFO indicating the polarization vector pointing toward [001] direction and the schematic of the PFM tip approaching from the top, (b) out-of-plane phase contrast, and (c) in-plane phase contrast obtained from a PFM for a BFO/STO More about this image found in (a) The schematic of the pseudocubic unit cell of BFO indicating the polari...

FIG. 9.12 Average cell spacing as a function of growth rate in zone melted Tb_0.3Dy_0.7Fe_1.95 ( Palit et al., 2011 ). More about this image found in Average cell spacing as a function of growth rate in zone melted Tb_0.3...

FIG. 1.10 Schematic of epitaxially grown unit cells representing a film under planar compressive strain. More about this image found in Schematic of epitaxially grown unit cells representing a film under planar ...

FIG. 1.11 Schematic of epitaxially grown unit cells representing a film under planar tensile strain. More about this image found in Schematic of epitaxially grown unit cells representing a film under planar ...

FIG. 2.2 (a) Unit cells of monoclinic and orthorhombic LaVO₃ with corresponding V–O–V bond angles and V–O bond lengths. (b) Bond length distributions of the three GB structures. Reproduced with permission from Raghunathan et al., Nano Lett. 14 , 4943–4950 (2014). Copyright More about this image found in (a) Unit cells of monoclinic and orthorhombic LaVO₃ with corresp...

FIG. 1.11 (a) Shading, (b) soiling and dust accumulation, (c) HS damaged on solar cells, and (d) detected HS phenomena on a PVM using infrared equipment ( Mellit et al., 2018 ). More about this image found in (a) Shading, (b) soiling and dust accumulation, (c) HS damaged on solar cel...

FIG. 1.8 (a) Monoclinic β-Ga₂O₃ unit cell showing two inequivalent Ga sites, Ga_I and Ga_II, with tetrahedral and octahedral coordination. The inequivalent oxygen sites, O_I and O_II, are threefold coordinated, whereas O_III More about this image found in (a) Monoclinic β-Ga₂O₃ unit cell showing two inequiva...