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(a) Optomechanical crystal tightly confined mechanical and optical resonances at the same physical location. This is achieved using photonic crystals to confine light and acoustic bandgap structure to confine mechanical vibrations (Meenehan et al., 2014). (b) Basic setup of optical tweezer (Ashkin et al., 1986) incoming spatially filtered laser beam focused using a microscope on a particle in a liquid. The focused beam undergoes reflections R1 and R2 and refraction by the sphere, resulting in a net upward force FA on the particle.

(a) Optomechanical crystal tightly confined mechanical and optical resonanc...

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in Optical MEMS (Microspheres and Ring Resonators): Overview of Recent Progress > MEMS Applications in Electronics and Engineering
Published: March 2023
FIG. 7.25 (a) Optomechanical crystal tightly confined mechanical and optical resonances at the same physical location. This is achieved using photonic crystals to confine light and acoustic bandgap structure to confine mechanical vibrations ( Meenehan et al., 2014 ). (b) Basic setup More about this image found in (a) Optomechanical crystal tightly confined mechanical and optical resonanc...
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(a) Micromachined interferometric accelerometer showing the two optical beams, one from the diffraction grating and second from the mirror, which will interfere at the photodetector. (b) SiN nanobeam pair acting as “zipper” photonic crystal optomechanical cavity for accelerometry (Krause et al., 2012). (c) Microdisk coupled to cantilever acting as a force sensor (Doolin et al., 2014). The cantilever can deflect in both out-of-plane and in-plane mechanical modes. This results in the modulation of the disk's optical resonance frequency and is read out optically using a coupled fiber. (d) Split beam nano-cavity torque sensor (Wu et al., 2014) showing the three degrees of freedom. One is out-of-plane rotation of the suspended mirror about the torsion beam, the second is in-plane bending about the torsion beam, and the third is out-of-plane bending of the cantilever mirror.

(a) Micromachined interferometric accelerometer showing the two optical bea...

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in Optical MEMS (Microspheres and Ring Resonators): Overview of Recent Progress > MEMS Applications in Electronics and Engineering
Published: March 2023
FIG. 7.18 (a) Micromachined interferometric accelerometer showing the two optical beams, one from the diffraction grating and second from the mirror, which will interfere at the photodetector. (b) SiN nanobeam pair acting as “zipper” photonic crystal optomechanical cavity for accelerometry More about this image found in (a) Micromachined interferometric accelerometer showing the two optical bea...
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Optical MEMS (Microspheres and Ring Resonators): Overview of Recent Progress

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Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735424395_007
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2439-5
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2436-4
...-based systems. Analogies with cavity implementations in Fabry–Perot or nanobeam photonic crystals are also presented since such relations may lead to new device structures and applications using rings. Table 7.1 Common optical device structures and their performance comparison. Non-resonant...
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Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: March 2023
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EISBN: 978-0-7354-2439-5
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2436-4
... in photonic crystal nanocavity ,” Opt. Express   14 ( 13 ), 6308 –6315 ( 2006 ). 10.1364/OE.14.006308 Notomi , M. , Shinya , A. , Mitsugi , S. , Kira , G. , Kuramochi , E. , and Tanabe , T. , “ Optical bistable switching action of Si high-Q photonic-crystal nanocavities...
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Impact of Strain on the Electronic and Optoelectronic Properties of III-Nitride Semiconductor Heterostructures

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Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425590_003
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2559-0
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2556-9
... Films ( Elsevier , 2001 ). Pekar , S. , “ Local quantum states of electrons in an ideal ion crystal, ” Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz.   16 , 341–348 ( 1946 ). Peng , L. H. , Chuang , C. W. , and Lou , L. H. , “ Piezoelectric effects in the optical properties of strained InGaN quantum...
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Strain Engineering of Metal Insulator Transition in VO2

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Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425590_004
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2559-0
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2556-9
... mounted on the heating stage inside the XRD chamber and the evolution of the crystal structure during the heating cycle was recorded. XRD spectra are plotted in Fig. 4.2(a) from 34 °C to 68 °C, where the M1 (011) peak disappears above 64 °C and the evolution of the R (110) phase can be seen at the same...
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Series: AIPP Books, Methods
Published: March 2023
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2574-3
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2572-9
... ,” J. Appl. Phys.   74 , 3948 – 3955 ( 1993 ). 10.1063/1.354462 Ghosh , D. K. , Samanta , L. K. , and Bhar , G. C. , “ A simple model for evaluation of refractive indices of some binary and ternary mixed crystals ,” Infrared Phys.   24 , 43 – 47 ( 1984 ). 10.1016/0020-0891(84...
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Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: March 2023
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EISBN: 978-0-7354-2559-0
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2556-9
.... , “ Strain engineering and one-dimensional organization of metal-insulator domains in single-crystal vanadium dioxide beams ,” Nat. Nanotechnol.   4 , 732 – 737 ( 2009 ). 10.1038/nnano.2009.266 Cao , J. , Gu , Y. , Fan , W.   et al. , “ Extended mapping and exploration of the diagram...
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First Principles Modeling of Strain Induced Effects in Functional Materials

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Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425590_002
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2559-0
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2556-9
... by the intrinsic electron correlations emerging from on-site (U) and long-range (V) Coulomb repulsions, Hund's direct exchange (JH), charge-transfer energy (ΔCT), and crystal field splitting (Δ). Apart from these, in heavy metals, particularly 5d TM and RE...
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Series: AIPP Books, Principles
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EISBN: 978-0-7354-2559-0
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2556-9
... 4 Srolovitz , D. J. , “ On the stability of surfaces of stressed solids ,” Acta Metall.   37 , 621 – 625 ( 1989 ). 10.1016/0001-6160(89)90246-0 5 Grinfeld , M. A. , The Stress Driven Instabilities in Crystals: Mathematical Models and Physical Manifestations ( University...
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Book cover for MEMS Applications in Electronics and Engineering

MEMS Applications in Electronics and Engineering

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Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735424395
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2439-5
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2436-4
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Perspective on Strain Effects on 2D Materials

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Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425590_011
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2559-0
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2556-9
... the semiconductor industry even today due to the material's abundance, well-characterized electronic structure and properties, precise control over their composition and ability to grow high pure crystals. However, silicon needs to be replaced with new materials as it is fast approaching its fundamental limit...
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Strain Engineering in Functional Materials and Devices

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Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425590
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2559-0
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2556-9
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Series: AIPP Books, Principles
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EISBN: 978-0-7354-2559-0
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2556-9
.... , “ Effects of crystal growth velocity on the crystal orientations and microstructures in an optical image zone melting furnace ,” J. Alloys Compd.   337 , 309 – 313 ( 2002b ). 10.1016/S0925-8388(01)01949-1 Ji , C. , Zhu , S. , Li , J. , and Zhou , Y. , “ Solidification...
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Strain Engineering in Crystalline Solids

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Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425590_001
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2559-0
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2556-9
... the concept of strain in crystalline solids. In subsequent chapters, we show how strain engineering or tailoring of strain fields via different methods (e.g., epitaxy, strain-capping layer, patterning, etc.) can be used to alter the physical properties of crystals. (1.2) σ = F A 0 , (1.3) ϵ...
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Front Matter

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Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425590_frontmatter
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2559-0
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2556-9
...Front Matter The book has been organized as operations of strain at different length scales in a given crystal and the chapters are grouped and organized accordingly. Strain engineering at atomic length scales and the respective properties. Strain engineering and its interplay with structural...
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Quantum Dots-Based Solar Cells for Potential Application

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Series: AIPP Books, Methods
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425743_006
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2574-3
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2572-9
.../1.354462 Ghosh , D. K. , Samanta , L. K. , and Bhar , G. C. , “ A simple model for evaluation of refractive indices of some binary and ternary mixed crystals ,” Infrared Phys.   24 , 43 – 47 ( 1984 ). 10.1016/0020-0891(84)90046-0 Grebler , S. and Nentwich , M. , Nano...
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Rare Earth Transition Metal Based Giant Magnetostrictive Materials: An Interdisciplinary Perspective

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Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425590_009
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2559-0
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2556-9
... crystal morphology ,” J. Alloys Compd.   333 , 291 – 295 ( 2002a ). 10.1016/S0925-8388(01)01734-0 Ji , C. , Yu , Y. , Ma , W. , Li , J. , and Zhou , Y. , “ Effects of crystal growth velocity on the crystal orientations and microstructures in an optical image zone melting...
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Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: March 2023
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EISBN: 978-0-7354-2559-0
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2556-9
... quantum states of electrons in an ideal ion crystal, ” Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz.   16 , 341–348 ( 1946 ). Peng , L. H. , Chuang , C. W. , and Lou , L. H. , “ Piezoelectric effects in the optical properties of strained InGaN quantum wells ,” Appl. Phys. Lett.   74 , 795 – 797 ( 1999...
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Elastic Stress Driven Instabilities in Thin Films and their Assemblies

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Series: AIPP Books, Principles
Published: March 2023
10.1063/9780735425590_008
EISBN: 978-0-7354-2559-0
ISBN: 978-0-7354-2556-9
... structure, on the spherical core, ATG instability can lead to periodic self-assembly of islands; 66 and, that the elastic instabilities can be controlled by controlling the orientation of the substrate. 67 Even though some of these have also been modelled using phase field and phase field crystal...
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