Search Results for Collimator surfaces

... that is larger in the rib region compared to the sides. Rib waveguides have a low optical loss due to the surface scattering since the mode field interacts only weakly with the etched surface. A channel waveguide is formed by filling a channel with a higher index material and then covering...

.... These materials exhibit properties such as high surface area, impressive mechanical strength, superior flexibility, high conductivity, and chemically active edge sites ( Kumar et al., 2018a ). The physicochemical and optoelectronic properties of 2D materials are versatile and material-dependent...

... metallic mirrors to reflect light effectively. The free electrons in metallic materials can counteract the incident electric field and re-emit the light as a reflection. Take, for instance, a ray starting from point A in the air and an incident on point O on the flat metallic surface. The incident angle...

...The generation of nonlinear optical contrast relies on a tight focusing of femtosecond laser pulses. For a collimated light with 1-µm wavelength, the focused beam waist w₀ after a NA = 1.2 water immersion objective is about 0.5 µm. This 1/e beam radius...

... the dimension of the objects through which the light passes is much larger than the wavelength of the light, we can consider the light to be a ray and employ simple ray optics to align/collimate the beam. Now, if we introduce a pinhole or slit that has a dimension close to the wavelength of the light, we need...

... research center is developing a system for imaging the shape of the back of the eye for use as a map for corrective surgery. The technique requires highly collimated laser light of at least 1.0 cm diameter given that dilated pupils can be 8 mm or more in diameter. To meet the specifications...

...-PAM employs a weakly focused or collimated light beam, as shown in Fig. 7.2(b) . The optical beam spot of AR-PAM is larger than the acoustic focal spot. As a result, the lateral resolution of AR-PAM is acoustically determined by the acoustic focal spot size as follows ( Yao and Wang, 2013 ): (7.5...

... then bombard a tungsten target to produce x rays. The x rays are then collimated to a defined point for clinical application to a patient. The number of electrons at the tungsten target can be adjusted to alter the rate of x-ray production (Fig. 5.1 ). FIG. 5.1 A schematic image of a linear accelerator...

... to a mechanical actuator. As the tissue has been excised from the patient, contact methods which apply higher forces (typically several Newtons) than those used in ophthalmology are suitable and provide uniform compression over a large FOV. Furthermore, surgical specimens often have large variations in surface...

... ] is commonly used to describe the light in a tissue. How do the units of W/cm² for ϕ compare with the units of J/cm³ for C? Consider a 1 × 1 × 1 cm³ cube of water. Irradiate the front surface of the cube with 1 W/cm² irradiance. The photons transit...

... in monitoring biological processes in live systems with profound impact ranging from fundamental biological discoveries to clinical practice. Although most of its applications pertain to cell cultures or surface tissue interrogation, developments in highly sensitive instruments have enabled sensing...

..., multi-mode optical fibers, and the Powell lens. In these approaches, only the aspheric optics based on beam refraction for intensity redistribution ( Benítez, 2004 ) can output a collimated beam suitable for total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) imaging. However, aspheric optics is designed...