Search Results for Birefringence

... the state of a quantum system  is defined after a measurement done onto the system MMAS N1 OE N MC + ME Michelini and Stefanel (2021b) level: High School Photons on polaroid, birefringent crystals, refringent sheets Topics, which characterize quantum mechanics in a peculiar way...

... framework  completely defines the state of a quantum system  is defined after a measurement done onto the system MMAS N1 OE N MC + ME Michelini and Stefanel (2021b) level: High School Photons on polaroid, birefringent crystals, refringent sheets Topics, which characterize quantum...

... of 10⁹, further aided by birefringence of the material reducing the polarization crosstalk, has given bias drifts <3°/h. The polymer waveguide ring showed a lower sensitivity of 324°/h owing to its lower optical Q. The sensitivity can be further enhanced by using non-reciprocal structures like coupled...

... ) v + γ u 2 v * − ( | v | 4 + 2 ϵ | u | 2 | v | 2 + ϵ | u | 4 ) v = 0 , where real γ is the FWM coefficient and real β represents the phase-birefringence parameter. The results are not drastically different from those produced...

... z + ∇ ⊥ 2 v − γ v + u 1 u 2 = 0 , where real b is a birefringence parameter. As shown by Torres et al. (1998) , the three-wave system ( 1.139 )–( 1.141 ) also gives rise to stable fundamental solitons, while all the solutions carrying vorticities...

... ( McClung and Hellwarth, 1962 ) was demonstrated on ruby by using an intracavity Pockels cell (Fig. 4.1 ). FIG. 4.1 The schematic diagram of a Q-switch laser. The Pockels cell is an electro-optical crystal that can induce optical birefringence under a strong electric field. At a specific bias voltage...

...) | ψ s ⟩ = 1 2 ( | H ⟩ | V ⟩ + e i α | V ⟩ | H ⟩ ) , where the relative phase α is due to birefringence. Now, with the availability of a quarter- and half-wave plate, it is possible to rotate the polarization by π/4 with respect to each other...

...) by leveraging the strong birefringence of the two waveguides. This structure can be extended to many variations, such as partially etched DC and bent DC. In addition, grating-assisted contra-DC structure uses contra-directional coupling, so it does not require stringent coupling length conditions. Subwavelength...

... patterns can be defined along one or two dimensions within the photonic integrated circuits, which correspond to a 1D or 2D grating, respectively. Due to the large refractive index contrast between the silicon core and claddings, silicon-based waveguides usually exhibit a high birefringence. Thus...

... , 1700240 ( 2018a ). Xu , L. , Wang , Y. , Kumar , A. , Patel , D. , El-Fiky , E. , Xing , Z.   , “ Polarization beam splitter based on MMI coupler with SWG birefringence engineering on SOI ,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett.   30 , 403 – 406 ( 2018a ). 10.1109/LPT...

... proposed to relax the waveguide dimension sensitivities, such as subwavelength grating (SWG) structures ( Halir et al., 2015 ) and dual-core adiabatic tapers ( Dai et al., 2018 ). Due to the large structural birefringence in the silicon nanowire waveguides, polarization sensitivity...

... , J. F. , Milner , T. E. , Van Gemert , M. J. , and Nelson , J. S. , “ Two-dimensional birefringence imaging in biological tissue by polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography ,” Opt. Lett.   22 ( 12 ), 934 – 936 ( 1997 ). 10.1364/OL.22.000934 De Carlo , T. E...

...., 2017 ), such as reflectivity, phase retardation, and optical axis orientation ( Hitzenberger et al., 2001 ). By providing additional birefringence contrast of the samples, PS-OCT has been used in various applications, such as evaluation of the bleb created by trabeculectomy surgery ( Kasaragod...