Front Matter

The advent of smart energy management has brought many challenges and opportunities to improve energy supply and make better use of emerging energy sources. It allows the operation of traditional electric power systems to be more secure, reliable, and efficient. A smart energy management system is a vision that makes it possible to integrate the various renewable energy resources, intelligent substations, battery energy management, cyber-security applications in smart energy management, charging stations of electric vehicles, and distribution equipment, as well as, at the customer level, the use of smart appliances at home. Recently, demand response has gained tremendous attention, as it can potentially benefit power systems by relieving the system stress conditions and possibly deferring or avoiding the construction of large-scale power generation and transmission infrastructure.

The main objective of this book is to enhance and update the knowledge and skills of students, research scholars, scientists, and faculties working in the emerging areas of smart energy management systems and renewable energy systems by sharing new ideas and research results by eminent international experts. The issues and challenges of interfacing renewable energy resources with the grid are addressed, and some possible solutions are also suggested by the authors. In addition, a smart buildings energy management system is discussed in this book, which will be helpful for developing the smart grid and smart cities approach.

One of the objectives of producing this book is to prepare a text for undergraduate and postgraduate students, researchers, scientists, and engineers who are working in the area of smart grids, smart cities, building energy management, energy efficiency, etc. However, this book gives the broad ideas in general, and is focused in a particular area of energy management. This book is written to be easily approachable so that even people who do not have prior knowledge of this field may easily understand and familiarize themselves with the concept of smart energy management systems and renewable energy resources.

Energy management, the standards used in energy management, the renewable energy-based distribution system, digital substations, demand response, net metering, power quality, smart buildings, electric vehicles, and cyber-security are some important topics related to smart energy management. An attempt is made to cover all these aspects of energy management in this book. The book is divided into 10 chapters. In Chapter 1, smart energy management in renewable energy systems is presented. The feasibility analysis of net metering execution in a hybrid energy system is provided in Chapter 2. In Chapter 3, synchrophasor applications to support power distribution networks is described. A digital substation with IEC 61850 Standard is discussed in Chapter 4. In Chapter 5, demand response for energy-efficient and optimal integration of renewable energy resources in the smart grid is presented. Smart home/building energy management systems is provided in Chapter 6. Chapter 7 describes the power quality issues and their possible solutions in a grid-integrated solar photovoltaic system. Energy storage systems for renewable energy resources is discussed in Chapter 8. Design challenges for efficient integration of electric vehicles in smart cities is given in Chapter 9. Finally, the role of cyber-security in smart energy management systems is presented in Chapter 10.

It is a great pleasure to acknowledge the assistance and contributions of many individuals to this effort. First, we would like to thank Claire Gordon, Commissioning Editor, AIP Publishing, who encouraged and motivated us to write this book. She helped a lot during the commissioning stage of this book. We are thankful to Benjamin Johnson, Ph.D. Development Editor, AIP Publishing. After the approval of the proposal, the role of developing editor is really important and he helped us to put all the things in order for editing this book. We are also thankful to the marketing team, production, and other members of AIP Publishing for their continuous efforts and support in the publication of this book. This project would not have been possible without the sincere efforts by our esteemed contributors from various countries, including the U.S.A., Norway, Thailand, Turkey, The Netherlands, Singapore, and various parts of India. We would like to express our gratitude to all those who provided support, offered comments, allowed us to quote their remarks, and assisted in the editing, proofreading, and design of this book.

We would also like to extend our sincere thanks to Professor Yogesh Singh, Vice Chancellor, Delhi Technological University, Professor Madhusudan Singh, Dean Academics, Under Graduate Studies, Professor Uma Nangia, Head of Department, Department of Electrical Engineering, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, Jamia Administration, Professor Munna Khan, Head, Department of Electrical Engineering, Jamia Millia Islamia, Professor Moinuddin, Professor M. A. Khan, Professor Sirajuddin Ahmad, and our Ph.D. students, Shamshad Ali, Astitva Kumar, Mohd. Bilal, and Isaka J. Mwakitalima.

Above all, we gratefully acknowledge the support, encouragement, and patience of our families. It was a long and difficult journey for them.

Last, but not least, we beg forgiveness of all those who have been with us over the course of the years and whose names we have failed to mention.

Dr. Mohammad Rizwan did his post-doctoral research at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, USA. Presently, he is a Professor at the Department of Electrical Engineering, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India. He has almost 19 years of teaching and research experience. Dr. Rizwan has successfully completed three research projects in the area of renewable energy systems, and published and presented more than 140 research papers in reputed international and national journals and conference proceedings. He is the recipient of Raman Fellowships for Post-Doctoral Research for Indian Scholars in the U.S.A. for the year 2016–17. His area of interest includes power system engineering, renewable energy systems, particularly solar photovoltaic, building energy management, smart grids, and soft computing applications in renewable energy systems. He is a Senior Member of IEEE, a Life Member of ISTE, a Life Member of SSI, a Member of the International Association of Engineers (IAENG), and many other reputed societies.

Dr. Majid Jamil has been a Professor at the Department of Electrical Engineering, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India, since 2009. He has served as Head of the Department during 2014–17. Dr. Jamil has more than 29 years research and teaching experience. He has also served as an Assistant Professor at BITS Pilani Dubai Campus during 2003–06. Dr. Jamil has published more than 170 research papers in international refereed journals and conferences. Dr. Jamil has guided 13 Ph.D. students and is supervising eight Ph.D. students at present. He has published one book entitled Grid Integration of Solar Photovoltaic Systems (CRC Press, Taylor and Francis Group, 2017). He has also edited two books and has written several book chapters. Dr. Jamil has received grants of more than INR 30 million from various government agencies like AICTE and DST, Government of India, for research projects. Dr. Jamil is a recipient of an MHRD Fellowship for Leadership for Academicians Program (LeAP) in Higher Education funded by the Government of India, and a Rula Research Ratna Awards 2019 for “Excellent Work in Power Systems and Energy” awarded by RULA Awards powered by World Research Council and United Medical Council, Malaysia. He has also received a best paper award from the University of California, Berkeley, in 2009. Professor Jamil is a Fellow of the Institute of Engineers and IETE, a Senior Member of IEEE, and a Life Member of ISTE and ICTP. He has established four labs, including one Smart Energy Systems Automation Laboratory. His areas of interest are power systems, renewable energy, energy auditing, building energy management, and intelligent techniques. He has served several administrative positions in the university. He has also served as President of Jamia Engineering Alumni Association for more than 10 years.

Md. Tausif Ahmad

Motihari College of Engineering, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Bihar, India

Iram Akhtar

Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India

Reza Arghandeh

Professor, Department of Electrical Engineering, Computer Science, and Mathematical Sciences, Director, Collaborative Intelligent Infrastructure Lab, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Norway

Abdul Azeem

Department of Electrical Engineering, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India

Tanushree Bhattacharjee

Department of Electrical Engineering, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India

Priyanka Chaudhary

Department of Electrical Engineering, Noida International University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh-203201, India

Anirudh Dube

Department of Electrical Engineering, Jamia Millia Islamia, Delhi, India

Onur Elma

Department of Electrical Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey

Anjali Jain

Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Amity University, Noida, India

Majid Jamil

Department of Electrical Engineering, Delhi Technological University, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India

Shagufta Khan

School of Electrical, Electronics and Communication Engineering, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India

Sheeraz Kirmani

Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India

Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, UP, India

Murat Kuzlu

Old Dominion University, Electrical Engineering Technology, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA

Ashish Mani

Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Amity University, Noida, India

Sarim Moin

Innovation Officer, MoE's Innovation Cell, Government of India, Delhi

Amruta Pattnaik

TERI School of Advanced Studies, Delhi, India

Manisa Pipattanasomporn

Chulalongkorn University, Smart Grid Research Unit (SGRU), Bangkok, Thailand

Sudhakar Ranjan

Associate Professor, Apeejay Stya University, Sohna, Gurugram

Mohammad Rizwan

Department of Electrical Engineering, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India

Anwar S. Siddiqui

Department of Electrical Engineering, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India

Anuradha Tomar

Instrumentation & Control Engineering Department, Netaji Subhas University of Technology, Delhi, India

Abdus Samad Moin Uddin

Senior Engineer, Mott Macdonald, Singapore

Parikshit Vashist

Assistant Professor, Apeejay Stya University, Sohna, Gurugram