The powder of CaF2 has been proposed as a practical reference for the quantitation of Ca and F in low energy ion scattering (LEIS) analysis. It is chemically inert, easy to clean, and inexpensive. LEIS is extremely surface sensitive. Thus, in contrast to surface analytic techniques such as x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and secondary ion mass spectroscopy, the surface termination of a sample is clearly reflected in the LEIS results. It is, thus, unlikely that in LEIS, the F/Ca ratio for CaF2 is 2.0. This paper supports the reliability of the CaF2 powder reference by evaluating the calcium and fluorine atomic surface concentrations, roughness factor and shows that the surface termination of the powder is the same as that of CaF2(111). The CaF2 samples are treated by annealing at 725 K and measured at 625 K. The presented spectra are practically free of contamination. Ion scattering by LiF (001), an evaporated Ca layer, and a Cu foil are used as basic references for Ca and F. The atomic sensitivity factors and the relative sensitivity factors have been determined for F, Ca, and Cu (3 keV He+, 145°). The F/Ca atomic ratio is found to be the same (2.3 ± 0.1) for CaF2(111) and its powder. For the powder, the Ca and F signals are reduced by a factor of 0.77 ± 0.03 in comparison with those for the single crystal.
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December 2020
Research Article|
October 29 2020
Calcium and fluorine signals in HS-LEIS for CaF2(111) and powder—Quantification of atomic surface concentrations using LiF(001), Ca, and Cu references
Stanislav Průša
;
Stanislav Průša
a)
1
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology
, Brno 616 69, Czech Republic
2
Central European Institute of Technology—CEITEC, Brno University of Technology
, Brno 612 00, Czech Republic
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Pavel Bábík
;
Pavel Bábík
1
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology
, Brno 616 69, Czech Republic
2
Central European Institute of Technology—CEITEC, Brno University of Technology
, Brno 612 00, Czech Republic
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Jindřich Mach
;
Jindřich Mach
1
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology
, Brno 616 69, Czech Republic
2
Central European Institute of Technology—CEITEC, Brno University of Technology
, Brno 612 00, Czech Republic
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Tomáš Strapko;
Tomáš Strapko
1
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology
, Brno 616 69, Czech Republic
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Tomáš Šikola
;
Tomáš Šikola
1
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology
, Brno 616 69, Czech Republic
2
Central European Institute of Technology—CEITEC, Brno University of Technology
, Brno 612 00, Czech Republic
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Hidde H. Brongersma
Hidde H. Brongersma
3
IONTOF GmbH
, Heisenbergstr. 15, 48149 Münster, Germany
4Department of Applied Physics,
Eindhoven University of Technology
, Eindhoven 5600 MB, The Netherlands
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a)
Electronic mail: prusa@fme.vutbr.cz
Surf. Sci. Spectra 27, 024201 (2020)
Article history
Received:
May 12 2020
Accepted:
September 16 2020
Connected Content
A companion article has been published:
Researchers use calcium fluoride as a reference for quantifying atomic surface concentrations
Citation
Stanislav Průša, Pavel Bábík, Jindřich Mach, Tomáš Strapko, Tomáš Šikola, Hidde H. Brongersma; Calcium and fluorine signals in HS-LEIS for CaF2(111) and powder—Quantification of atomic surface concentrations using LiF(001), Ca, and Cu references. Surf. Sci. Spectra 1 December 2020; 27 (2): 024201. https://doi.org/10.1116/6.0000325
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