Near-ambient pressure x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (NAP-XPS) is a less traditional form of XPS that allows samples to be analyzed at relatively high pressures, i.e., greater than 2500 Pa. With NAP-XPS, XPS can be used to probe moderately volatile liquids, biological samples, porous materials, and/or polymeric materials that outgas significantly. In this submission, we show survey and O 1s NAP-XPS spectra from water vapor, a material that could not be analyzed at moderate pressures by conventional approaches and that is expected to be present in many analyses.

1.
D. I.
Patel
 et al., “
Introduction to near ambient pressure-x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (NAP-XPS) characterization of various materials
,”
Surf. Sci. Spectra
(accepted).
2.
P. M.
Dietrich
,
S.
Bahr
,
T.
Yamamoto
,
M.
Meyer
, and
A.
Thissen
,
J. Electron Spectroscopy Related Phenom.
231
,
118
(
2019
).
3.
C.
Rodriguez
,
P.
Dietrich
,
V.
Torres-Costa
,
V.
Cebrián
,
C.
Gómez-Abad
,
A.
Díaz
,
O.
Ahumada
, and
M. M.
Silván
,
Appl. Surf. Sci.
(
2019
).
4.
M.
Kjærvik
,
A.
Hermanns
,
P.
Dietrich
,
A.
Thissen
,
S.
Bahr
,
B.
Ritter
,
E.
Kemnitz
, and
W. E. S.
Unger
,
J. Phys.: Condens. Mat.
29
,
474002
(
2017
).
5.
M.
Kjærvik
,
K.
Schwibbert
,
P.
Dietrich
,
A.
Thissen
, and
W. E. S.
Unger
,
Surf. Interface Anal.
50
,
996
(
2018
).
6.
D.
Shah
,
D. I.
Patel
,
S.
Bahr
,
M.
Meyer
,
P.
Dietrich
,
A.
Thißen
, and
M. R.
Linford
, “
Liquid water, by near-ambient pressure x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (NAP-XPS)
,”
Surf. Sci. Spectra
(submitted).
7.
S.
Axanda
 et al.,
Sci. Rep.
5
,
9788
(
2015
).
8.
M.
Salmeron
and
R.
Schlögl
,
Surf. Sci. Rep.
63
,
169
(
2008
).
9.
N.
Toyoda
and
I.
Yamada
,
Appl. Surf. Sci.
310
,
112
(
2014
).
10.
L.
Trotochaud
 et al.,
J. Phys. Chem. B
122
,
1000
(
2018
).
11.
L.
Yu
 et al.,
Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.
19
,
30798
(
2017
).

Supplementary Material

You do not currently have access to this content.