The process of surface modification of structural steel s235, molybdenum, and tungsten samples was carried out using two techniques—high-energy electron beam line scanning in a vacuum in a device used for electron beam welding and electric discharge machining (EDM), in which samples are submerged in the dielectric fluid. Elemental surface distributions were then examined using two spectrometric techniques: secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) and glow discharge mass spectrometry (GDMS). Samples were also examined using scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDX). SIMS, GDMS, and EDX data show the segregation of manganese out of the electron beam scan line at the surface of s235 steel. In the case of EDM machined s235 steel, no surface segregation of manganese is seen, while the line treated with this machining is enriched in hydrogen, carbon, and copper, as contaminants of the dielectric fluid (kerosene) and the copper electrode are used. The SIMS data for tungsten show that the electron beam cleans up the impurities, while the EDM technique adds them. The data for molybdenum show that the electron beam cleans the surface of hydrogen and iron while enriching it with sodium and potassium. EDM-treated molybdenum appears to be contaminated with carbon and potassium but detects lower levels of hydrogen, sodium, and copper than the untreated surface.
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July 2023
Research Article|
June 26 2023
Surface modification of s235 steel, molybdenum, and tungsten using electron beam scanning and electric discharge machining
Special Collection:
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS)
Piotr Konarski
;
Piotr Konarski
a)
(Conceptualization, Data curation, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing)
1
Łukasiewicz Research Network—Tele and Radio Research Institute
, ul. Ratuszowa 11, 03-450 Warszawa, Poland
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Joachim Ażgin
;
Joachim Ażgin
(Data curation, Software, Visualization)
1
Łukasiewicz Research Network—Tele and Radio Research Institute
, ul. Ratuszowa 11, 03-450 Warszawa, Poland
2
Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology
, ul. Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warszawa, Poland
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Aleksander Zawada;
Aleksander Zawada
(Conceptualization, Data curation, Methodology)
1
Łukasiewicz Research Network—Tele and Radio Research Institute
, ul. Ratuszowa 11, 03-450 Warszawa, Poland
3Institute of Technology,
Pedagogical University of Cracow
, ul. Podchorążych 2, 30-084 Kraków, Poland
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Sung-Hui Feng;
Sung-Hui Feng
(Data curation, Investigation)
4
Graduate Institute of Manufacturing Technology, National Taipei University of Technology 1
, Sec. 3, Chung-Hsiao E. Rd., Taipei 10608, Taiwan
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Ching-Hsiang Chien
;
Ching-Hsiang Chien
(Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Supervision)
4
Graduate Institute of Manufacturing Technology, National Taipei University of Technology 1
, Sec. 3, Chung-Hsiao E. Rd., Taipei 10608, Taiwan
5
Chien’s Scientific Company
, No. 2, Alley 12, Lane 990, Sec. 1, Fu-Hsing Rd., 33559 Tashi, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Dong-Yea Sheu
Dong-Yea Sheu
(Conceptualization, Data curation, Investigation, Supervision)
4
Graduate Institute of Manufacturing Technology, National Taipei University of Technology 1
, Sec. 3, Chung-Hsiao E. Rd., Taipei 10608, Taiwan
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a)
Electronic mail: piotr.konarski@itr.lukasiewicz.gov.pl
Note: This paper is part of the 2023 Special Topic Collection on Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS).
J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 41, 044205 (2023)
Article history
Received:
February 20 2023
Accepted:
June 02 2023
Citation
Piotr Konarski, Joachim Ażgin, Aleksander Zawada, Sung-Hui Feng, Ching-Hsiang Chien, Dong-Yea Sheu; Surface modification of s235 steel, molybdenum, and tungsten using electron beam scanning and electric discharge machining. J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 1 July 2023; 41 (4): 044205. https://doi.org/10.1116/6.0002605
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