Depth profiles of thin, latex films using gas cluster ion beam (GCIB) secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) show an oscillation of surfactants and polymer signal that is related to the organization of the particles in the film as layers. These results demonstrate the application of GCIB-SIMS to the distribution of water soluble species with molecular sensitivity, which has implications to film performance in areas of adhesion, appearance, and cohesion. Specifically, surfactant species were found at the highest concentrations at the air interface, decreasing through the top few particle layers to a steady state, whereas salt-rich species (sulfates, oligomers) were found at every particle boundary with a high concentration at the substrate interface.

1.
K. W.
Evanson
and
M. W.
Urban
,
J. Appl. Polym. Sci.
42
,
2309
(
1991
).
2.
J.
Mallegol
,
J.-P.
Gorce
,
O.
Dupont
,
C.
Jeynes
,
P. J.
McDonald
, and
J. L.
Keddie
,
Langmuir
18
,
4478
(
2002
).
3.
I.
Benedek
and
M. M.
Feldstein
,
Technology of Pressure-Sensitive Adhesives and Products
, Handbook of Pressure-Sensitive Adhesives and Products (
CRC
,
Boca Raton
,
2008
).
4.
R.
Woodbridge
,
Principles of Paint Formulation
(
Springer
,
New York
,
1991
).
5.
J. P.
Kunkel
and
M. W.
Urban
,
J. Appl. Polym. Sci.
50
,
1217
(
1993
).
6.
P. A.
Steward
,
J.
Hearn
, and
M. C.
Wilkinson
,
Adv. Colloid Interface Sci.
86
,
195
(
2000
).
7.
M. A.
Winnik
,
Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci.
2
,
192
(
1997
).
8.
J. L.
Keddie
,
Mater. Sci. Eng., R
21
,
101
(
1997
).
9.
V. R.
Gundabla
,
W. B.
Zimmerman
, and
A. F.
Routh
,
Langmuir
20
,
8721
(
2004
).
10.
A. F.
Routh
and
W. B.
Russel
,
Langmuir
15
,
7762
(
1999
).
11.
Handbook of Adhesive Technology
, edited by
A.
Pizzi
and
K. L.
Mittal
(
Marcel Dekker
,
New York
,
2003
).
12.
K. W.
Evanson
,
T. A.
Thorstenson
, and
M. W.
Urban
,
J. Appl. Polym. Sci.
42
,
2297
(
1991
).
13.
K. W.
Evanson
and
M. W.
Urban
,
J. Appl. Polym. Sci.
42
,
2287
(
1991
).
14.
L. A.
Terbelius
and
M. W.
Urban
,
J. Appl. Polym. Sci.
56
,
387
(
1995
).
15.
C.
Arnold
,
F.
Thalmann
,
C.
Marques
,
P.
Marie
, and
Y.
Holl
,
J. Phys. Chem. B
114
,
9135
(
2010
).
16.
C.
Arnold
,
G.
Klein
,
M.
Maaloum
,
M.
Ernstsson
,
A.
Larsson
,
P.
Marie
, and
Y.
Holl
,
Colloids Surf., A
374
,
58
(
2011
).
17.
F.
Belaroui
,
M. P.
Hirn
,
Y.
Grohens
,
P.
Marie
, and
Y.
Holl
,
J. Colloid Interface Sci.
261
,
336
(
2003
).
18.
C. –L.
Zhao
,
Y.
Holl
,
T.
Pith
, and
M.
Lambla
,
Br. Polym. J.
21
,
155
(
1989
).
19.
C. L.
Zhao
,
F.
Dobler
,
T.
Pith
,
Y.
Holl
, and
M.
Lambla
,
M. J. Colloid Interface Sci.
128
,
437
(
1989
).
20.
E.
Aramendia
,
J.
Mallegol
,
C.
Jeynes
,
M. J.
Barandiaran
,
J. L.
Keddie
, and
J. M.
Asua
,
Langmuir
19
,
3212
(
2003
).
21.
L. T.
Weng
,
P.
Bertrand
,
J. H.
Stone-Masui
, and
W. E. E.
Stone
,
Langmuir
13
,
2943
(
1997
).
22.
J. C.
Vickerman
and
I. S.
Gilmore
,
Surface Analysis The Principle Techniques
(
Wiley
,
Chichester
,
2009
).
23.
M. B.
Clark
,
C.-Y.
Hong
, and
J.
Thackeary
,
J. Vac. Sci. Technol., B
34
,
03H124
(
2016
).
24.
J.
Matsuo
,
S.
Ninomiya
,
H.
Yamada
,
K.
Ichiki
,
Y.
Wakamatsu
,
M.
Hada
,
T.
Seki
, and
T.
Aoki
,
Surf. Interface Anal.
42
,
1612
(
2010
).
25.
R.
Yatabe
,
J.
Noda
,
Y.
Tahara
,
Y.
Naito
,
H.
Ikezaki
, and
K.
Toko
,
Sensors
15
,
22439
(
2015
).
26.
M.
Goseckam
,
J.
Raczkowska
,
J.
Haberko
,
K.
Awsiuk
,
J.
Rysz
,
A.
Budkowski
,
M. M.
Marzec
,
A.
Bernasik
, and
T.
Basinska
,
Colloids Surf., A
507
,
200
(
2016
).
27.
P. A.
Clark
,
B.
Hagenhoff
,
R.
Hersting
, and
E. J.
Tallarek
,
Vac. Sci. Technol., B
34
,
03H135
(
2016
).
You do not currently have access to this content.