A new type of instrumentation designed for the study of chemical reactions on single‐crystal surfaces

Two new ultrahigh vacuum instruments were designed and constructed to study chemical reactions on single‐crystal surfaces. These instruments allow samples to be cycled between high‐pressure gas cells for treatment of the samples, and ultrahigh vacuum, for electron spectroscopies. By using newly developed ‘‘rod‐through‐chamber’’ devices, the ultrahigh vacuum and high pressure are completely separated, while the sample is smoothly transferred between those parts. We are utilizing them to prepare surface chemical compounds and to observe heterogeneous catalysis on solid surfaces.