3D printed acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) structures were infiltrated by alumina (Al2O3) using a trimethylaluminum(III) and water ALD process at 130 and 80 °C, respectively, to alter their physical properties. Differential scanning calorimetry was used to determine the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polymers' pre- and post-deposition after varying the number of ALD cycles, resulting in a change of ∼9 and ∼ 27 °C for ABS and PVA, respectively. After one heat cycle, the postdeposition Tg reverted back to its predisposition point indicating reversibility of the deposition effects are possible. Optimal growing patterns, polymer composition, and inhibiting surface coatings—seen by energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy mapping—affected the amount of infiltration possible within the polymer substrate and, in turn, Tg. The results achieved provide guidelines to altering the physical and thermal properties of 3D printed polymer architectures.

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See the supplementary material at https://www.scitation.org/doi/suppl/10.1116/6.0002397 for the calculated Tg values and averages.

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