Broadband amplifiers implemented in complementary metal-oxide semiconductor technology offer a low-cost solution as gain elements for wideband communication systems. These components must maintain an acceptable target performance for a wide range of temperatures. We present experimental results for the gain, reflection coefficients, and group delay of a broadband amplifier operating from in the temperature range of . The high-frequency power gain drops by approximately every of temperature increase, the maximum input and output refection coefficients change by less than , and the change in the input-to-output group delay is negligible over the measured temperature range. The amplifier was simulated using temperature-dependent measurement-based models for the transistors, capacitors, and resistors and a single-temperature electromagnetic-simulation-based model for the inductors and interconnections. Simulated gain degradation is , which suggests that the temperature effects on the inductors and interconnections lines are very important; however, temperature-dependent simulation is not a standard feature of electromagnetic (EM) simulators. It is thus important to include temperature effects when developing models based on EM simulations. Our results suggest that the key element to be considered is the conductor’s resistivity increase with temperature.
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May 2006
Research Article|
May 04 2006
Temperature effects in complementary metal-oxide semiconductor microwave distributed amplifiers
J. C. Ranuárez;
J. C. Ranuárez
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,
McMaster University
, 1280 Main St. West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada
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M. J. Deen;
M. J. Deen
a)
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,
McMaster University
, 1280 Main St. West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada
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C. H. Chen
C. H. Chen
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,
McMaster University
, 1280 Main St. West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada
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a)
Electronic mail: [email protected]
J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 24, 831–834 (2006)
Article history
Received:
August 19 2005
Accepted:
March 06 2006
Citation
J. C. Ranuárez, M. J. Deen, C. H. Chen; Temperature effects in complementary metal-oxide semiconductor microwave distributed amplifiers. J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 1 May 2006; 24 (3): 831–834. https://doi.org/10.1116/1.2192524
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