The oxidation behavior of titanium nitride (TiN) films has been investigated by using x-ray diffraction, Raman scattering spectroscopy, and field emission scanning electron microscopy. TiN films were deposited onto Si substrates by using cathodic arc plasma deposition technique. After that, the films were annealed in the air at 500–800 °C for 2 h. The x-ray diffraction spectra showed that appeared above 600 °C. The relative intensity of rapidly increased with temperatures. Only was detected above 700 °C. Raman scattering spectra indicated the presence of signals above 500 °C. Meanwhile an additional Si peak appeared at 700 °C in Raman spectra, above which only Si peak appeared. Many nano pores were found on the surface of films annealed at temperatures between 600 and 700 °C in field emission scanning electron microscopy, while the granular structure existed at 800 °C. The as-deposited TiN films had an apparent columnar structure. The thin and dense oxide overlayer appeared at 500 °C, and thicker oxide layer existed above 600 °C. The elongated grain structure with many voids existed in the film at 800 °C. These pores–voids might result from the nitrogen release during the oxidation of the nitride. The oxide layer obviously grows inward indicating the oxidation of TiN films belongs to an inward oxidation. The pre-exponential factor and the activation energy of the oxidation were evaluated by Arrhenius-type relation. These values were and , which are consistent with those reports in the literature.
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July 2005
Research Article|
June 27 2005
Oxidation behavior of titanium nitride films
Hong-Ying Chen;
Hong-Ying Chen
a)
Department of Applied Life Science,
Taichung Healthcare and Management University
, 500 Lioufeng Road, Wufong Township, Taichung County 413, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Fu-Hsing Lu
Fu-Hsing Lu
Department of Materials Engineering,
National Chung Hsing University
, 250 Kuo Kuang Road, Taichung 402, Taiwan, Republic of China
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a)
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; electronic mail: hychen@thmu.edu.tw
Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A 23, 1006–1009 (2005)
Article history
Received:
September 23 2004
Accepted:
March 21 2005
Citation
Hong-Ying Chen, Fu-Hsing Lu; Oxidation behavior of titanium nitride films. J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 1 July 2005; 23 (4): 1006–1009. https://doi.org/10.1116/1.1914815
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