Titanium films, 1 μm thick were electron‐beam evaporated onto polyethylene (PE) that had been pretreated in situ by 2 keV Ar+ bombardment. A measure of the film adhesion was obtained by measuring the pull strength required to remove the Ti films. A strong dependence of the adhesion on the ion dose was found. The pull strength had a maximum of approximately 20 MPa after a dose of 6×1014 ions/cm2 but decreased for higher ion doses. Without any ion bombardment prior to deposition, the adhesion was very poor with a pull strength of approximately 2 MPa. XPS analysis was used to examine the effect of the ion bombardment on the chemistry of the PE substrate and the Ti/PE interface. Untreated PE samples were contaminated with surface impurities and probably also with low molecular weight hydrocarbons. As the adhesion is maximized, most of the impurities are removed by the ion bombardment. The strong adhesion is suggested to be due to formation of a carbidelike Ti–C interfacial layer, detected by XPS.
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October 1984
Research Article|
October 01 1984
Adhesion of evaporated titanium to polyethylene: Effects of ion bombardment pretreatment
P. Bodö;
P. Bodö
Department of Physics and Measurement Technology, Linköping University, S‐581 83 Linköping, Sweden
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J.‐E. Sundgren
J.‐E. Sundgren
Department of Physics and Measurement Technology, Linköping University, S‐581 83 Linköping, Sweden
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J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 2, 1498–1502 (1984)
Article history
Received:
May 10 1984
Accepted:
August 25 1984
Citation
P. Bodö, J.‐E. Sundgren; Adhesion of evaporated titanium to polyethylene: Effects of ion bombardment pretreatment. J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 1 October 1984; 2 (4): 1498–1502. https://doi.org/10.1116/1.572460
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