Low impedance at the interface between tissue and conducting electrodes is of utmost importance for the electrical recording or stimulation of heart and brain tissue. A common way to improve the cell–metal interface and thus the signal-to-noise ratio of recordings, as well as the charge transfer for stimulation applications, is to increase the electrochemically active electrode surface area. In this paper, we propose a method to decrease the impedance of microelectrodes by the introduction of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), offering an extremely rough surface. In a multistage process, an array of multiple microelectrodes covered with high quality, tightly bound CNTs was realized. It is shown by impedance spectroscopy and cardiac myocyte recordings that the transducer properties of the carbon nanotube electrodes are superior to conventional gold and titanium nitride electrodes. These findings will be favorable for any kind of implantable heart electrodes and electrophysiology in cardiac myocyte cultures.
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September 07 2012
Three-Dimensional Carbon Nanotube Electrodes for Extracellular Recording of Cardiac Myocytes
Christoph Nick;
Christoph Nick
1BioMEMS-Lab, Department of Engineering,
University of Applied Sciences Aschaffenburg
, Aschaffenburg, 63743, Germany
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Ravi Joshi;
Ravi Joshi
2Department of Chemistry, Eduard-Zintl Institute for Inorganic und Physical Chemistry,
Technische Universität Darmstadt
, Darmstadt, 64287, Germany
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Jörg J. Schneider;
Jörg J. Schneider
2Department of Chemistry, Eduard-Zintl Institute for Inorganic und Physical Chemistry,
Technische Universität Darmstadt
, Darmstadt, 64287, Germany
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Christiane Thielemann
Christiane Thielemann
a)
1BioMEMS-Lab, Department of Engineering,
University of Applied Sciences Aschaffenburg
, Aschaffenburg, 63743, Germany
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a)
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; electronic mail: [email protected]
Biointerphases 7, 58 (2012)
Article history
Received:
June 06 2012
Accepted:
August 23 2012
Citation
Christoph Nick, Ravi Joshi, Jörg J. Schneider, Christiane Thielemann; Three-Dimensional Carbon Nanotube Electrodes for Extracellular Recording of Cardiac Myocytes. Biointerphases 1 December 2012; 7 (1): 58. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13758-012-0058-2
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