In this tutorial review, we discuss how the choice of upconversion pulse shape in broadband vibrational sum-frequency generation (SFG) spectrometer design impacts the chemical or physical insights one can obtain from a set of measurements. A time-domain picture of a vibrational coherence being mapped by a second optical field is described and the implications of how this mapping, or upconversion process, takes place are given in the context of several popular and emerging approaches found in the literature. Emphasis is placed on broadband frequency-domain measurements, where the choice of upconversion pulse enhances or limits the information contained in the SFG spectrum. We conclude with an outline for a flexible approach to SFG upconversion using pulse-shaping methods and a simple guide to design and optimize the associated instrumentation.
REFERENCES
1.
J. D.
Pickering
, M.
Bregnhøj
, A. S.
Chatterley
, M. H.
Rasmussen
, S. J.
Roeters
, K.
Strunge
, and T.
Weidner
, Biointerphases
17
, 011202
(2022
). 2.
J. D.
Pickering
, M.
Bregnhøj
, A. S.
Chatterley
, M. H.
Rasmussen
, K.
Strunge
, and T.
Weidner
, Biointerphases
17
, 011201
(2022
). 3.
P.
Hamm
and M.
Zanni
, Concepts and Methods of 2D Infrared Spectroscopy
(Cambridge University
, Cambridge
, 2011
).4.
L.
Velarde
and H.-F.
Wang
, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.
15
, 19970
(2013
). 5.
P.
Kukura
, D. W.
McCamant
, and R. A.
Mathies
, Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem.
58
, 461
(2007
). 6.
K. B.
Eisenthal
, Chem. Rev.
106
, 1462
(2006
). 7.
K. B.
Eisenthal
, Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem.
43
, 627
(1992
). 8.
Y. R.
Shen
, Fundamentals of Sum-Frequency Spectroscopy
(Cambridge University
, Cambridge
, 2016
).9.
J. E.
Laaser
, W.
Xiong
, and M. T.
Zanni
, J. Phys. Chem. B
115
, 2536
(2011
). 10.
J. A.
McGuire
, W.
Beck
, X.
Wei
, and Y. R.
Shen
, Opt. Lett.
24
, 1877
(1999
). 11.
H.-F.
Wang
, W.
Gan
, R.
Lu
, Y.
Rao
, and B.-H.
Wu
, Int. Rev. Phys. Chem.
24
, 191
(2005
).12.
L. J.
Richter
, T. P.
Petralli-Mallow
, and J. C.
Stephenson
, Opt. Lett.
23
, 1594
(1998
). 13.
H.
Li
, Y.
Zhao
, Y.
Li
, and W.-T.
Liu
, Opt. Lett.
46
, 54
(2021
). 14.
A.
Lagutchev
, S. A.
Hambir
, and D. D.
Dlott
, J. Phys. Chem. C
111
, 13645
(2007
). 15.
A. G.
Lambert
, P. B.
Davies
, and D. J.
Neivandt
, Appl. Spectrosc. Rev.
40
, 103
(2005
). 16.
C.
Weeraman
, S. A.
Mitchell
, R.
Lausten
, L. J.
Johnston
, and A.
Stolow
, Opt. Express
18
, 11483
(2010
).17.
F. Y.
Shalhout
, S.
Malyk
, and A. V.
Benderskii
, J. Phys. Chem. Lett.
3
, 3493
(2012
). 18.
A. D.
Curtis
, S. R.
Burt
, A. R.
Calchera
, and J. E.
Patterson
, J. Phys. Chem. C
115
, 11550
(2011
). 19.
U. I.
Premadasa
, N. M.
Adhikari
, and K. L. A.
Cimatu
, J. Phys. Chem. C
123
, 28201
(2019
). 20.
L.
Lin
, J.
Husek
, S.
Biswas
, S. M.
Baumler
, T.
Adel
, K. C.
Ng
, L. R.
Baker
, and H. C.
Allen
, J. Am. Chem. Soc.
141
, 13525
(2019
). 21.
S. E.
Sanders
and P. B.
Petersen
, J. Chem. Phys.
150
, 204708
(2019
). 22.
S. J.
Roeters
et al, Nat. Commun.
12
, 1183
(2021
). 23.
M. J.
Foster
, A. P.
Carpenter
, and G. L.
Richmond
, J. Phys. Chem. B
125
, 9629
(2021
). 24.
I. G.
Prichett
and A. M.
Massari
, Opt. Lett.
43
, 4747
(2018
). 25.
C. M.
Lee
, K.
Kafle
, S.
Huang
, and S. H.
Kim
, J. Phys. Chem. B
120
, 102
(2016
). 26.
L.
Velarde
, X.-Y.
Zhang
, Z.
Lu
, A. G.
Joly
, Z.
Wang
, and H.-f
Wang
, J. Chem. Phys.
135
, 241102
(2011
). 27.
R.
Zhang
, X.
Peng
, Z.
Jiao
, T.
Luo
, C.
Zhou
, X.
Yang
, and Z.
Ren
, J. Chem. Phys.
150
, 074702
(2019
). 28.
L.
Fu
, S.-L.
Chen
, and H.-F.
Wang
, J. Phys. Chem. B
120
, 1579
(2016
). 29.
X.-H.
Hu
, L.
Fu
, J.
Hou
, Y.-N.
Zhang
, Z.
Zhang
, and H.-F.
Wang
, J. Phys. Chem. Lett.
11
, 1282
(2020
). 30.
R.
Zhang
, J.
Dong
, T.
Luo
, F.
Tang
, X.
Peng
, C.
Zhou
, X.
Yang
, L.
Xu
, and Z.
Ren
, J. Phys. Chem. C
123
, 17915
(2019
). 31.
T.
Luo
, R.
Zhang
, W.-W.
Zeng
, C.
Zhou
, X.
Yang
, and Z.
Ren
, J. Phys. Chem. C
125
, 8638
(2021
). 32.
K.
Madeikis
, R.
Kananavicius
, R.
Danilevicius
, A.
Zaukevicius
, R.
Januskevicius
, and A.
Michailovas
, Opt. Express
29
, 25344
(2021
). 33.
S.-L.
Chen
, L.
Fu
, W.
Gan
, and H.-F.
Wang
, J. Chem. Phys.
144
, 034704
(2016
). 34.
M. A.
Upshur
, H. M.
Chase
, B. F.
Strick
, C. J.
Ebben
, L.
Fu
, H.
Wang
, R. J.
Thomson
, and F. M.
Geiger
, J. Phys. Chem. A
120
, 2684
(2016
). 35.
C.
Yan
, J. E.
Thomaz
, Y.-L.
Wang
, J.
Nishida
, R.
Yuan
, J. P.
Breen
, and M. D.
Fayer
, J. Am. Chem. Soc.
139
, 16518
(2017
). 36.
D. E.
Rosenfeld
, Z.
Gengeliczki
, B. J.
Smith
, T. D. P.
Stack
, and M. D.
Fayer
, Science
334
, 634
(2011
). 37.
W.
Xiong
, J. E.
Laaser
, R. D.
Mehlenbacher
, and M. T.
Zanni
, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.
108
, 20902
(2011
). 38.
H.
Vanselous
, A. M.
Stingel
, and P. B.
Petersen
, J. Phys. Chem. Lett.
8
, 825
(2017
). 39.
K.-i
Inoue
, S.
Nihonyanagi
, and T.
Tahara
, “Ultrafast vibrational dynamics at aqueous interfaces studied by 2D heterodyne-detected vibrational sum frequency generation spectroscopy
,” in Coherent Multidimensional Spectroscopy
, edited by Cho
M.
(Springer Singapore
, Singapore
, 2019
), pp. 215
–236
.40.
Y.
Rao
, D.
Song
, N. J.
Turro
, and K. B.
Eisenthal
, J. Phys. Chem. B
112
, 13572
(2008
). 41.
M.
Raab
, J. C.
Becca
, J.
Heo
, C.-K.
Lim
, A.
Baev
, L.
Jensen
, P. N.
Prasad
, and L.
Velarde
, J. Chem. Phys.
150
, 114704
(2019
). 42.
Z.
Heiner
, V.
Petrov
, and M.
Mero
, APL Photonics
2
, 066102
(2017
). 43.
F.
Yesudas
, M.
Mero
, J.
Kneipp
, and Z.
Heiner
, J. Chem. Phys.
148
, 104702
(2018
). 44.
F.
Raoult
, A. C. L.
Boscheron
, D.
Husson
, C.
Sauteret
, A.
Modena
, V.
Malka
, F.
Dorchies
, and A.
Migus
, Opt. Lett.
23
, 1117
(1998
). 45.
T. L.
Courtney
, N. T.
Mecker
, B. D.
Patterson
, M.
Linne
, and C. J.
Kliewer
, Opt. Lett.
44
, 835
(2019
). 46.
X.
Liu
, B.-H.
Li
, Y.
Liang
, W.
Zeng
, H.
Li
, C.
Zhou
, Z.
Ren
, and X.
Yang
, Rev. Sci. Instrum.
92
, 083001
(2021
). 47.
A. M.
Weiner
, Opt. Commun.
284
, 3669
(2011
). 48.
J. F. D.
Liljeblad
and E.
Tyrode
, J. Phys. Chem. C
116
, 22893
(2012
). 49.
B.
Doughty
, P.
Yin
, and Y.-Z.
Ma
, Langmuir
32
, 8116
(2016
). 50.
B.
Xu
, Y.
Wu
, D.
Sun
, H.-L.
Dai
, and Y.
Rao
, Opt. Lett.
40
, 4472
(2015
). 51.
Y.
Rao
, M.
Comstock
, and K. B.
Eisenthal
, J. Phys. Chem. B
110
, 1727
(2006
). 52.
L.
Fu
, J.
Liu
, and E. C. Y.
Yan
, J. Am. Chem. Soc.
133
, 8094
(2011
). 53.
P. M.
Kearns
, Z.
Sohrabpour
, and A. M.
Massari
, Opt. Express
24
, 19863
(2016
). 54.
S.-H.
Shim
and M. T.
Zanni
, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.
11
, 748
(2009
). 55.
S.-H.
Shim
, D. B.
Strasfeld
, E. C.
Fulmer
, and M. T.
Zanni
, Opt. Lett.
31
, 838
(2006
). 56.
P.
Tian
, D.
Keusters
, Y.
Suzaki
, and W. S.
Warren
, Science
300
, 1553
(2003
). 57.
J. C.
Vaughan
, T.
Hornung
, T.
Feurer
, and K. A.
Nelson
, Opt. Lett.
30
, 323
(2005
). 58.
M. M.
Wefers
and K. A.
Nelson
, IEEE J. Quantum Electron.
32
, 161
(1996
). 59.
J. C.
Vaughan
, T.
Feurer
, K. W.
Stone
, and K. A.
Nelson
, Opt. Express
14
, 1314
(2006
). 60.
K.
Higgins
and T. R.
Calhoun
, Opt. Lett.
43
, 1750
(2018
). 61.
A. U.
Chowdhury
et al, Opt. Lett.
43
, 2038
(2018
). 62.
A. U.
Chowdhury
, B. R.
Watson
, Y.-Z.
Ma
, R. L.
Sacci
, D. A.
Lutterman
, T. R.
Calhoun
, and B.
Doughty
, Rev. Sci. Instrum.
90
, 033106
(2019
). 63.
M.
Dantus
, Femtosecond Laser Shaping: From Laboratory to Industry
(CRC, 2017
).64.
J. W.
Wilson
, P.
Schlup
, and R. A.
Bartels
, Opt. Express
15
, 8979
(2007
). 65.
M. M.
Wefers
and K. A.
Nelson
, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B
12
, 1343
(1995
). 66.
A. M.
Weiner
, Rev. Sci. Instrum.
71
, 1929
(2000
). 67.
A. U.
Chowdhury
et al, J. Am. Chem. Soc.
142
, 290
(2020
). 68.
C. M.
Basham
, U. I.
Premadasa
, Y.-Z.
Ma
, F.
Stellacci
, B.
Doughty
, and S. A.
Sarles
, ACS Nano
15
, 14285
(2021
). 69.
L.
Lin
, A. U.
Chowdhury
, Y.-Z.
Ma
, R. L.
Sacci
, J.
Katsaras
, K.
Hong
, C. P.
Collier
, J.-M. Y.
Carrillo
, and B.
Doughty
, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces
13
, 33734
(2021
). 70.
A. U.
Chowdhury
, L.
Lin
, and B.
Doughty
, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces
12
, 32119
(2020
). 71.
U. I.
Premadasa
, Y.-Z.
Ma
, R. L.
Sacci
, V.
Bocharova
, N. A.
Thiele
, and B.
Doughty
, J. Colloid Interface Sci.
609
, 807
(2022
). 2022 Published under an exclusive license by the AVS.
2022
Author(s)
You do not currently have access to this content.
