We study the effects of optical and atomic decoherence in entangled atomic ensembles produced via quantum nondemolition (QND) measurements. We examine potentially experimentally detrimental effects, such as optical phase diffusion, photon loss and gain, and atomic dephasing. For the optical decoherence channels, we use the technique of integration within ordered operators to obtain the associated Kraus operators. We analyze the effect of different decoherence channels on various quantities, such as the variances of the spin operators, entanglement and correlation criteria, logarithmic negativity, and the Bell–CHSH inequality. We generally find a smooth decay of correlations and entanglement in the presence of decoherence. In the short interaction time range, we find that various quantities show signals consistent with, and showing that entanglement exists under all three types of decoherence. Our results show that QND measurements are one of the most promising methods for entanglement generation between two Bose–Einstein condensates.
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September 2023
Research Article|
September 29 2023
Optical and atomic decoherence in quantum nondemolition measurement induced atomic ensemble entanglement
Special Collection:
Jonathan P. Dowling Memorial Special Issue: The Second Quantum Revolution
Shuai Gao
;
Shuai Gao
(Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Software, Visualization, Writing – original draft)
1
State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physical and Material Sciences, East China Normal University
, Shanghai 200062, China and Joint International Research Laboratory of Information Display and Visualization, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
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Shuang Li
;
Shuang Li
(Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Software, Visualization, Writing – original draft)
1
State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physical and Material Sciences, East China Normal University
, Shanghai 200062, China and Joint International Research Laboratory of Information Display and Visualization, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
2
New York University Shanghai
, 567 West Yangsi Road, Shanghai 200126, China
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Manish Chaudhary
;
Manish Chaudhary
(Data curation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing)
2
New York University Shanghai
, 567 West Yangsi Road, Shanghai 200126, China
3
State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physical and Material Sciences, East China Normal University
, Shanghai 200062, China
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Matthew Prest
;
Matthew Prest
(Data curation, Project administration, Visualization)
2
New York University Shanghai
, 567 West Yangsi Road, Shanghai 200126, China
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Ebubechukwu O. Ilo-Okeke
;
Ebubechukwu O. Ilo-Okeke
(Methodology, Project administration, Visualization)
2
New York University Shanghai
, 567 West Yangsi Road, Shanghai 200126, China
4
Department of Physics, School of Science, Federal University of Technology
, P. M. B. 1526, Owerri, Imo State 460001, Nigeria
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Valentin Ivannikov
;
Valentin Ivannikov
(Project administration)
2
New York University Shanghai
, 567 West Yangsi Road, Shanghai 200126, China
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Tim Byrnes
Tim Byrnes
a)
(Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing)
3
State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physical and Material Sciences, East China Normal University
, Shanghai 200062, China
5
New York University Shanghai
, 567 West Yangsi Road, Shanghai 200126, China; NYU-ECNU Institute of Physics at NYU Shanghai, 3663 Zhongshan Road North, Shanghai 200062, China; and Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Artificial Intelligence and Deep Learning, NYU Shanghai, 567 West Yangsi Road, Shanghai 200126, China
6
Center for Quantum and Topological Systems (CQTS), NYUAD Research Institute, New York University Abu Dhabi
, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
7
Department of Physics, New York University
, New York, New York 10003, USA
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a)
Electronic mail: tim.byrnes@nyu.edu
AVS Quantum Sci. 5, 035003 (2023)
Article history
Received:
February 26 2023
Accepted:
September 05 2023
Citation
Shuai Gao, Shuang Li, Manish Chaudhary, Matthew Prest, Ebubechukwu O. Ilo-Okeke, Valentin Ivannikov, Tim Byrnes; Optical and atomic decoherence in quantum nondemolition measurement induced atomic ensemble entanglement. AVS Quantum Sci. 1 September 2023; 5 (3): 035003. https://doi.org/10.1116/5.0147830
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