Provision for adequate loudness is one of the five basic requirements for good hearing conditions in auditoria. It has been achieved in the discussed and illustrated examples by the following means: acoustically beneficial room shape, keeping floor area and room volume at a reasonable minimum, the use of suitably dimensioned and properly located sound‐reflective surfaces, supply of maximum amount of direct sound from source to audience, and strict reverberation control. Ceilings well‐integrated with mechanical, structural, and electrical components constitute important elements in the provision for adequate loudness.

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