Infrasonic and seismic eruption tremors and their relation to magma discharge rate: A case study for the 2011 eruption of Shinmoe-dake, Japan Free

Infrasound monitoring is a useful tool to capture surface activity of volcanoes. Previous works have attempted to connect observations of infrasonic eruption tremors with magma discharge rate that is an important parameter to characterize an eruption. Power law scaling relations with different power indices have been proposed based on various datasets and models. Independently, different power law relations have been proposed between seismic eruption tremors and magma discharge rate. The 2011 eruption of Shinmoe-dake, Japan, provides an excellent dataset with which to investigate these relationships for a sustained explosive eruption sequence. Magma discharge rates are well constrained by geodetic, geologic, and remote sensing methods. Seismic and infrasonic data were recorded close to the vent. Linear power law relationships are found to fit all pairs of variables (seismic eruption tremor power, infrasonic eruption tremor power, and magma discharge rate) in the quasi-stable or slowly growing stages of the eruption. Existing models do not fully explain the observed relationships. It is proposed that the eruption generated eruption tremors in the ground and atmosphere by successive explosions in the conduit and the linear relation is observed only under the stable condition of eruptive behaviors.